Microstrip antennas have become a part and parcel of today's wireless communication world because of their low profile, low cost and ease of fabrication in the circuit boards. But poor performances like narrow bandwidth, low power handling capability, low gain etc. confine their application in some cases. 5th generation (5G) wireless communication will suffer from path loss severely, as high frequency bands will be used. To manage this problem, high gain antenna is required. So, this research is mainly devoted to design a high gain 2 × 2 microstrip patch array antenna. The structure of the antenna is designed and simulated using CST Microwave Studio and operates at 28 GHz 5G band. Rogers RT-Duroid 5880LZ is used as the substrate which has a relative permittivity of 1.96. The return loss, gain, bandwidth, VSWR and efficiency of the designed 2 × 2 array antenna is 87 dB, 14 dBi, 1.14 GHz, 1 and almost 93% respectively.

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Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code approaches Shannon-limit performance for binary field and long code lengths. However, performance of binary LDPC code is degraded when the code word length is small. An optimized minsum algorithm for LDPC code is proposed in this paper. In this algorithm unlike other decoding methods, an optimization factor has been introduced in both check node and bit node of the Minsum algorithm. The optimization factor is obtained before decoding program, and the same factor is multiplied twice in one cycle. So the increased complexity is fairly low. Simulation results show that the proposed Optimized Min-Sum decoding algorithm performs very close to the Sum-Product decoding while preserving the main features of the Min-Sum decoding, that is low complexity and independence with respect to noise variance estimation errors.