Mahkota Dewa is rich in bioactive compounds including mangiferin, saponin and polyphenols. This work aims to investigate the encapsulation of Mahkota Dewa by spray drying using different types of encapsulation agent. A subcritical water extraction process was used to extract the bioactive compounds from dried Mahkota Dewa prior to spray drying process. The encapsulation agents used were maltodextrin (MT), arabic gum (AG) and mixture of arabic gum-maltodextrin (AG-MT). The spray drying conditions namely inlet dry air temperatures, dry air flow rate and inlet feed flowrate were 200°C, 3.7 m/s and 485 mL/h, respectively. The spray dried powder samples were evaluated for antioxidant activity and moisture content and compared with those without encapsulation agent. A high value of antioxidant activity and low moisture content were observed for samples with encapsulation agents. Result suggested the maltodextrin produced particles with the lowest moisture content (4.84 %) and highest antioxidant activity (94.22%), thus can be recommended as the most suitable encapsulation agent in this work.
This paper presents an experimental study on the encapsulation of Mahkota Dewa extracts by maltodextrin using spray drying. The bioactive compound from dried Mahkota Dewa was obtained using a subcritical water extraction process prior to a spray drying process. The effect of feed flow rate (485 to 2115 ml/h) was investigated using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT). It was observed that the mean particle size increase varied from 3.55 to 8.38 µm when the feed flow rate increased from 485 to 2115 ml/h. Moisture content increased 4.88 to 6.83% as the feed flow rate increased from 485 to 2115 ml/h, whereas the antioxidant activity increased slightly from 90.48 to 91.65%. The findings from this study showed that decrease in feed flow rate reduces antioxidant activity, moisture content, and particle size. ABSTRAK: Kertas kerja ini adalah berkenaan kajian eksperimen melalui proses pengkapsulan ekstrak buah Mahkota Dewa dengan menggunakan maltodekstrin melalui teknik pengeringan semburan. Sebatian bioaktif dari buah Mahkota Dewa kering diperoleh melalui teknik pengekstrakan air subkritikal sebelum proses pengeringan semburan. Kesan kadar aliran masuk (485 hingga 2115 ml/jam) dikaji menggunakan konsep satu-faktor-pada-satu-masa (OFAT). Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa purata saiz zarah meningkat dari 3.55 kepada 8.38 µm ketika kadar aliran masuk meningkat dari 485 sehingga 2115 ml/jam. Kandungan kelembapan meningkat dari 4.88 kepada 6.83% dengan kenaikan kadar aliran masuk dari 485 hingga 2115 ml/jam, sedangkan aktiviti antioksida meningkat sedikit dari 90.48 hingga 91.65%. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa penurunan kadar aliran masuk berkurang melalui aktiviti antioksida, kandungan kelembapan dan saiz zarah.
This paper presents the encapsulation of Phaleria Macrocarpa Scheff. Boerl or Mahkota Dewa extracts with maltodextrin using spray drying. The extracts of dried Mahkota Dewa fruit was obtained using subcritical water extraction process. The inlet dry air temperatures of the spray drying process was investigated at 100 °C, 125 °C, 150 °C, 175 °C and 200 °C. The spray dried powder was characterised for antioxidant activity, moisture content analysis and particle size distribution analysis. Results showed that the increased of inlet air dry temperature decreased the value of antioxidant activity, moisture content and mean diameter of the particles. The inlet air dry temperature of 200°C produced 92.19±0.18% antioxidant activity, 6.82% moisture content and 8.38 μm mean diameter particle size. Thus, can be suggested as the best inlet air temperature to encapsulate Mahkota Dewa extracts with maltodextrin using spray drying technique.
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