OBJECTIVE: To determine the coping strategies adopted by patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) and their association with various socio-demographic variables. METHODOLOGY: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on diagnosed patients of major depressive disorder presenting to the out-patient department of Liaquat University Hospital and Sir Cowasjee Jehangir Institute of Psychiatry, Hyderabad during 6 months from November 2019 to April 2020. All the cases aged >18 years, both gender and diagnosed with major depressive disorder were included. Depression coping questionnaire (DCQ) was administered to check for coping strategies employed. All the data was entered and analyzed by using statistical package for social sciences SPSS version 20. RESULTS: A majority of the sample comprised of middle-aged female patients, living in nuclear families in the urban setting with a middle socioeconomic status. The mean time delay in presenting to the OPD was 116±13 day. As per strategies the majority of the cases were taking pharmacological therapy and even fewer were under any other therapy. 92.75% of the patients admitted to employing coping strategies; a majority (78.57%) of whom deemed them useful. CONCLUSION: Coping strategies are adopted by many of the patients the belief of them being useful is prevalent. Different strategies are common among different sociodemographic groups, however, most of the coping strategies employed are negative and lead to negative consequences in the long run. Key words: Depression, coping, adopted, socio-demographic factors

Objectives: To determine incidence of steatosis in non-responder casesof chronic HCV. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary Care Sanatorium inMedicine Department of LIAQUAT University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro. Period: 26-9-2011to 25 August 2012. Material & Methods: Total 144 non-responders cases of Hepatitis C wereintegrated. Both gender, age 18 to 50 yrs, chronic HCV non-responder cases as well as cases fitfor hepatic biopsy were integrated in study. Grading of Inflammation was carried out as indicatedby histopathological measures. Results: Mean age was 48.5 + 5.2years. Uppermost prevalenceof chronic HCV disease was 65(45.13%) at 41 to 50 years age interval whereas 42(29.1%) caseswere noticed in 31 to 40 yrs age group and 25(17.3%) cases were observed in 20 to 30 yearsof young age group. In this study hepatic steatosis occurrence was observed in 103 (71.5%)cases and these were categories as: grade 1, grade 2, grade 3, as (<33%) 45/103(43.68%), (33to 66%) 35/103(33.98%), (>66%) 23/103(22.33%) respectively. Conclusion: Hepatic steatosisis a important risk factor the cases of HCV to decreased response to antiviral therapy and forprogression toward fibrosis as observed in cases related to metabolic steatosis.

Material & Methods: Total 144 non-responders cases of Hepatitis C were integrated. Both gender, age 18 to 50 yrs, chronic HCV non-responder cases as well as cases fit for hepatic biopsy were integrated in study. Grading of Inflammation was carried out as indicated by histopathological measures. Results: Mean age was 48.5 + 5.2years. Uppermost prevalence of chronic HCV disease was 65(45.13%) at 41 to 50 years age interval whereas 42(29.1%) cases were noticed in 31 to 40 yrs age group and 25(17.3%) cases were observed in 20 to 30 years of young age group. In this study hepatic steatosis occurrence was observed in 103 (71.5%) cases and these were categories as: grade 1, grade 2, grade 3, as (<33%) 45/103(43.68%), (33 to 66%) 35/103(33.98%), (>66%) 23/103(22.33%) respectively. Conclusion: Hepatic steatosis is a important risk factor the cases of HCV to decreased response to antiviral therapy and for progression toward fibrosis as observed in cases related to metabolic steatosis.