The current study attempts to identify and measure the role of technology induction during the COVID-19 pandemic as either recreation or curse in students’ learning. By integrating the technology acceptance model (TAM) and innovation diffusion theory (IDT) the study tries to measure the student’s online learning experience as recreation or curse. Data was collected from 387 students through purposive sampling. The findings of the study confirm that introduction of technology in online learning plays a recreational and significant role in student’s online learning. However, computer self-efficacy and relative advantage were found to be a curse in online learning during the pandemic. The overall findings of the study imply that the shift of student’s learning from traditional to online learning has been through introduction of new technology and innovations, although the diffusion of innovation and technology among Pakistani students has been challenging because of a comparatively lower computer literacy level. The usefulness and ease of online learning have been the strongest predictive and recreational aspects in students’ online learning. Institutes and higher education commissions should further invest in enhancing the quality and effectiveness of these factors to improve the overall learning outcome of students through recreational technological induction in education.

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Achieving equilibrium between environmental sustainability and economic growth remains a challenge for business concerns across the globe. Developed countries have achieved this balance through re-designing and re-engineering their business operations to eco-friendly processes to some extent but developing countries are still in the transit phase. As this study incorporated an adapted questionnaire hence, this needs to examine the reliability and validity of the constructs. This study was conducted to measure the reliability and validity of the instrument designed to evaluate the role of institutional pressures in implementing green supply chain management practices and their impact on environmental sustainability through the moderating role of green marketing and mediating role of customer green purchase intention among manufacturing firms in Pakistan. The self-administered questionnaire was distributed among employees of manufacturing companies and customers of green products. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed and 162 valid responses were received which were used for this pilot test. The initial content and face validity of the survey questionnaire were obtained from subject and field experts. However, the results of this pilot showed that all the constructs met the reliability and validity threshold and the instrument is valid to measure the theoretical model proposed for the study. The study suggested that easy access to credit should be given to augment economic growth.

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