No abstract

No abstract

The grid-connected photovoltaics (GCPV) systems are a sustainable alternative to the conventional non-renewable electricity systems. However, GCPV systems create the many issues such as grid overloading, demand and supply variations, and power quality issues. A key way to address such issues is the integration of the effective energy storage technologies in GCPV systems. There are many storage technologies which can be connected with GCPV systems. The integration of a proper storage technology into the GCPV systems may provide a best alternative. This paper evaluates the different storage technologies for GCPV systems using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach. The goal of the AHP model was the selection of the best storage alternative for GCPV systems based on the multiple criteria. The criteria included the storage parameters as well as the parameters related to the compatibility with GCPV systems. The results exhibited that the pumped hydro storage is the best alternative if all the storage and compatibility parameters are equally desirable. However, if AHP model gives the highest preference to the criteria ''integration simplicity regarding renewable energy'' and ''geographic limitations'', the several other storage technologies achieve the higher rankings. Hence, the AHP model provides a greater flexibility to evaluate the different storage technologies for GCPV systems under different circumstances.INDEX TERMS Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), electrical power grid, environmental sustainability, power flow balancing, power system planning, power system reliability, renewable energy, solar energy, PV.

No abstract

Cascading overload failures occurred in power systems due to higher penetration of renewable energy resources (RERs), which causes uncertainty in a grid. To overcome these cascading overload failures, proper assessment in the form of load flow balancing and transients stability is required in renewable integrated power grids (RIPGs). This problem becomes more critical in the occurrence of multiple intervals faults in multiple interconnected RIPGs, which causes the tripping of several RERs. Due to which outages occurred in various transmission lines, which lead the power system to cascading overload failures. To tackle this problem, hybrid probabilistic modeling is proposed in this paper for balancing load flow and an assessment of transients stability in multiple interconnected RIPGs. For balancing of load flow, a smart node transmission network topology is utilized along with integrating a unified power flow controller (UPFC), while transients instabilities are assessed through a UPFC alone. Contrary to the previously proposed algorithms, which are only suitable to compensate network instabilities in case of only a single interval fault, this work is supported by probabilistic modeling to compensate network instabilities under the occurrence of not only a single interval fault but also in case of more severe multiple intervals faults in multiple interconnected RIPGs that will lead the network to cascading failure outages. Simulation results verify that our proposed probabilistic algorithm achieved near an optimal performance by outperforming the existing proposed methodologies, which are only confined to mitigate the effect of network instabilities only in case of single interval fault and fails to address these network instabilities under the occurrence of severe multiple interval faults, which leads the network to cascading failure outages. These simulation results are also validated through an industrial case study performed on a western Denmark transmission network to show the superiority of our proposed algorithm. INDEX TERMS multiple interconnected renewable integrated power grid; Transient stability analysis; cascading overload failures; single and multiple interval faults;