In this study we examine the effect of external debt with the economic growth of Pakistan. External debt is a debt which is held by the creditors of foreign countries in the world. Time series data is collected from the World Bank site for the last thirty years ranges from 1986-2015. Statistics analysis and ordinary least square regression is performed through a descriptive statistical table. To check the relationship between economic growth and external debt OLS model is used. GDP is our dependent variable. Gross domestic saving, gross capital formation and external Debt stock is our independent variable. The results show that the huge amount of number of GDP of country is backed by external debt.

Purpose: There have been several reports of COVID‐19 affecting the eyes. This retrospective study aimed to investigate which eye symptoms are commonly seen in adults who have previously tested positive for COVID‐19. Methods: Patients were identified based on the primary diagnosis of COVID‐19 on admission to three hospitals in the Mid & South Essex Trust, admitted during April–May of 2020 & Jan–Feb 2021. Ethical approval was obtained and these patients were sent a retrospective questionnaire after discharge. The questionnaires inquired about the presence of eye symptoms experienced before, during and after their covid illness. It also included questions about covid admission duration and hospitalization details. Thirty patient responses were returned and analysed. Results: Ten patients out of 30 respondents (33.33%) developed worsening of pre‐existing eye conditions: Most commonly Tiredness (70%), itchiness(50%), dryness(50%), Grittiness (30%), Redness (30%), Burning (30%), Pain (20%), Discharge (20%) & formation of a Lump/Bump (20%). Ten patients out of 30 respondents (33.33%) also developed new eye symptoms. Most commonly being Tiredness(40%), Vision change(30%), Pain (20%), Grittiness (20%). Conclusions: The majority of the patients experienced ocular symptoms suggestive of a viral conjunctivitis. Such clinical features in patients presenting to the Eye Unit could represent a manifestation of COVID‐19 illness. It could be useful to use these data to consider covid PCR testing in patients who present to eye units with viral ocular presentations. These data may be relevant to any future viral pandemic.

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This study evaluates the impact of external (or foreign) debt on the economy of Pakistan. For the purpose of this research, 12-years macroeconomic data was obtained from credible publications of State Bank of Pakistan and statistics reported in World Bank database. In order precisely and accurately measure the impact for the given period, this research first presented an extensive review of historic trend of Pakistan's GDP and external debt relation over the vast period between 1950s to 2005.Time series data is collected from the World Bank site for the last thirty years ranges from 1986-2015. Statistics analysis and ordinary least square regression is performed through a descriptive statistical table. To check the relationship between economic growth and external debt OLS model is used. GDP is our dependent variable. Gross domestic saving, gross capital formation and external Debt stock is our independent variable. The results show that the huge amount of number of GDP of country is backed by external debt.