Objective: To estimate the co-morbid depression in the patients of knee osteoarthritis at the tertiary care hospital settings of Rawalpindi/Islamabad.Study Design: Cross sectional Analytical studyMethods: Data of four hundred and four patients (n=404; 307 females and 97 males) was collected. Patients were selected from the OPD of Rheumatology Units of two Tertiary Care Hospitals of Rawalpindi/Islamabad and were assessed for co-morbid depression using Urdu translated Depression scale (CES-D). Basic demographical data and some variables directly having an impact with depression were assessed.Results: Frequency of co-morbid depression in osteoarthritis patients was 27.7%, of which females were 19.8% and males were 7.9%. Old age, illiteracy, rural residence, employment status, joint family system, obesity, co-morbidity with osteoarthritis, duration of disease and inability in performing routine activities were the variables positively associated with the depression (p< 0.05).Conclusion: Depression is comparatively prevalent in the osteoarthritis patients in Pakistan. Medical practitioners and rheumatologists must be vigilant about this co-morbidity and identify depression timely for the better attributions to life of the patients.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of high-resolution ultrasonography for the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears considering magnetic resonance imaging as gold standard. Methodology: This correlational study was done using non-probability consecutive sampling technique, at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Department of Radiology, Services Hospital Lahore from 15th July 2013 till 14th January 2016. All the patients, age between 40 to 70 years, who presented with shoulder pain for last three month, that was not settled with oral analgesic, and were positive for Hawkin’s -Kennedy test, Jobe’s test and drop arm were included in the study. Patients who had fracture of the clavicle, scapula or proximal end of humerus, and patients with prosthetic implants and pacemakers were excluded in the study. All clinical test positive patients underwent ultrasonography (USG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We calculated specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy and likelihood ratio for ultrasonography. Results: Out of the total 92 patients, on MRI there were 68 (73.9%) complete and 24 (26.1%) partial Rotator Cuff Tears. USG diagnosed 62 out of 68 complete tears accurately. There were 21 true negative and 03 false positive complete tears. USG showed sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 87% (p-value