Tympanoplasty is one of the most commonly used surgical procedures in otorhinolaryngology clinics. 1 Since its introduction in 1950 by Zoellner and Wullstein, several graft materials have been used 2,3 and one of the most frequently used grafts is temporalis muscle fascia. 4 It has been used since 1960 because of its availability and ideal handling characteristics. However, shape stabilisation is difficult due to its poor resistance and irregular elastic fibres and connective tissue. Therefore, the use of more resistant and stable graft materials may be beneficial, especially in problematic cases. Cartilage graft has become widespread especially in the last ten years after Goodhill 5 proposed to use it. Cartilage has a more stable structure as it keeps its shape for a long time and it is more resistive to infections as well. Thus, it is preferred in situations such as total membrane perforation, revision surgery, or retraction. However, the thicker and harder structure of the cartilage brought arguments about auditory gain. The auditory gains and graft success in the cases using cartilage or fascia graft were studied in the early and mid-term results, and it was reported that the graft materials were similar in both subjects. 6,7 However, the data after the long follow-up period should be evaluated in order to discuss the permanent result. In this study, the longterm graft success and hearing results of patients who underwent primary type 1 tympanoplasty using cartilage or temporal muscle fascia performed by the same surgeon are evaluated.

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