Based on the observation conducted by the researcher at IB class, some problems in the learning of civic is low motivation and learning outcomes. This study aims to improve students' motivation and learning outcomes on the subject of understanding the symbols of Pancasila with visual audio media in IB class students. This is a classroom action research (PTK) which is implemented in 2 cycles; cycle I and cycle II. Each cycle consists of preliminary study, planning, implementation, and reflection. This research was conducted in the second semester of 2017/2018. The subjects of this research are IB grade students of SDN Klakahrejo I Surabaya with a total of 29 students consisting of 15 male students and 14 female students. Data research was obtained through observation and students' learning outcomes. The results of this study indicate that in cycle I students' learning outcomes reached 76%. In the second cycle students' learning outcomes reached 82,7%. Based on the results of data analysis, the use of Quantum teachinglearning model with visual audio media conducted in class IB improve motivation and students' learning outcomes.

The purpose of this study is to improve learning activities and skills of critical thinking through the implementation of learning models based on problems in fourth-grade students. This is a classroom action research conducted in two cycles. The subjects were 34 students of grade IV of primary school. Data was obtained from the observation and test. Data analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative. The finding of the research analysis indicates that learning through the application problem-based learning model can increase the learners' activity and critical thinking skills. The average percentage of students' activity in the first cycle was 70.15%, increased in cycle II by 80.00%. Likewise, the average percentage of critical thinking skills of learners in the first cycle was 70.59% increase in cycle II by 78.31%.