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Background: Globally, emergency laparotomy is a frequently performed type of surgery with high morbidity and mortality rates, even in the best healthcare systems. There is limited knowledge regarding the outcome of emergency laparotomy performed in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess perioperative mortality and its predictors among patients undergoing emergency laparotomy at selected southern Ethiopian governmental hospitals. Methods: A multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted, and data were collected at selected hospitals after obtaining ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: The rate of postoperative complications after emergency laparotomy surgery was 39.3%, with an in-hospital mortality rate of 8.4% and a length of hospital stay of 9±6.5 days. The predictors of postoperative mortality were the age of the patient greater than 65 [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=8.46, 95% CI=1.3–57.1], presence of intraoperative complications (AOR=7.26, 95% CI=1.3–41.3), and postoperative ICU admission (AOR=8.5, 95% CI=1.5–49.6). Conclusion: Our study revealed a significant level of postoperative complications and in-hospital mortality. The identified predictors should be sorted and applied to the preoperative optimization, risk assessment, and standardization of effective postoperative care following emergency laparotomy.

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Introduction: Anxiety is a feeling of tension, apprehension, nervousness, fear, discomfort and high autonomic activity with varying degree of intensity. Preoperative anxiety affects the hemodynamic status of patients. This study aimed to aassess the effect of preoperative anxiety on hemodynamic status on patients undergoing elective surgery. Methods: A hospital based prospective cohort study was conducted on patient scheduled for elective surgeries from November 1, 2019 to October 30, 2020 at Dilla University Referral Hospital. Data was collected with structured questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Result: There was no statistically significant difference among the groups on base line variables. Mean arterial pressure at arrival to the OR, after induction of anesthesia, on the 15th minutes and on the 30th minutes in high anxiety group was significantly increased when compared to low anxiety group. Systolic blood pressure in preoperative assessment periods, at arrival to the OR, after induction of anaesthesia and on the 15th minutes in high anxiety level group was significantly increased. The heart rate at arrival to operation was higher in high anxiety group. This study showed that the preoperative anxiety affects the blood pressure and heart rate values of patients before arrival to the operation theatre and during anesthesia. Conclusion: High preoperative anxiety increased the mean arterial pressure, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate on arrival to the operation room. Decreasing preoperative anxiety improves intraoperative and post-operative hemodynamic status of patients undergoing elective surgery. Highlights

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