The research included conducting a study of eight selected soil Stations in the Babylon and Al Qadisiyyah. The main target of the research is to study the physical, chemical, and compressive strength properties of these soils and their suitability for manufacturing ordinary clay bricks. It was found through the evaluation of the soils of the studied samples that their physical properties ranged as follows: the water content (13.52-31.88%) and the grain size analysis of the proportions of sand, silt, and clay as follows: (5-27%) (38-48%) (33-47%), respectively. The values of the Atterberg limits ranged as follows: the plastic limit ratios (13-21%), liquid limit (34-49%), plasticity index (13-28%), and the specific gravity ranged between (2.43-2.67). As for the chemical properties of the studied samples, they consist of a lot of silicates, carbonate calcium, and calcium oxide. Studied samples were characterized by water absorption 15-24%, and the efflorescence is varied from medium, low to nil. The soil samples are consequently considered as a suitable material for the manufacture of ordinary bricks in grades A and B based on Iraqi Standard specifications No. 25.

The research is based on five selected soil sites in Babylon, Iraq, and aims to find the relationship between the physical properties of the soil. Where five samples were taken at different depths with a description of the soil for them in the fieldwork stage. As for the laboratory investigations phase, it included exploratory grain size distribution and atterberg limits to find plasticity and inspecting the maximum dry density. It was found through these tests that the soil is clay with low plasticity, except the fourth and fifth samples, as it is silty clay with low plasticity. Soil efficiency for all samples is Inactive. The relationship between the physical properties depends on the grain size distribution characteristic, as it is a function of the rest of the properties. It was also found that the percentage of sand in clay soils increases the maximum dry density in them so that 20-30% of the form and the remainder do not exceed fine sizes (silt and clay), and with acceptable plasticity that is important in the field of using the soil for backfilling purposes under the foundations for engineering structures and roads.

In this geotechnical study a qualitative assessment was made on the Sub-base deposits of the Dibdiba Formation from selected quarries in Karbala Governorate, central Iraq. Where 4 quarries were selected and 6 samples were taken from each quarry, bringing the total number of samples studied to 24. Physical tests such as (grain size analysis, CBR% test, Modified proctor compaction test, Atterberg limits test, and scraping ratio test) were performed, as well as chemical tests such as (sulfate content SO3%, gypsum percentage CaSO4.2H2O% test, Total soluble salts%, and organic matter% test) and the results showed that the Sub-base deposits in Dibdiba Formation in the study area falls under the class (B) according to the general specification for roads and bridges (SORB/R6,1999). The chemical tests of the studied models showed that the percentage of harmful substances is very low and that the studied Sub-base deposits are very good in terms of suitability for use for construction, engineering and road works. It is worth noting that the results of the scraping ratio test were very close, and therefore this indicates that the origin of these deposits studied is from one source.