No abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is considered as silent epidemic worldwide including India. Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Self-Management (DSM) is crucial in mitigating the afflictions of diabetes and it’s after effects. There was dearth of studies in view of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) and diabetes self-management in Kolkata, West Bengal. Aim: To assess the associations between diabetes self-management and DPN in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients attending an urban health clinic in Kolkata. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted from December 2018 to March 2019 among known case of T2DM patients aged 30 years and above attending the Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) clinic at Chetla, under the purview of field practice areas of Urban Health Unit and Training centre (UHU and TC) of All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health (AIIH and PH) Kolkata, West Bengal. A pre-designed and pre-tested schedule was used to collect data which were analysed using International Business Machines Statistical Product and Service Solutions (IBM SPSS) version 16.0 and represented using various tables. Results: The mean (SD) age of the participants was 54.89 (8.98) years. About 32.4% of the patients had DPN which was significantly associated with increased duration of T2DM {AOR (95% CI)}={1.52 (1.22-1.91)}, lower glucose management sub-scale score {AOR (95% CI)}={2.84 (1.42-5.67)} and lower healthcare use sub-scale score {AOR (95% CI)}={1.86 (1.05-3.31)}. Conclusion: Early screening and education regarding diabetes self-care would be helpful in glycaemic control and in prevention of DPN.

Objective: The benefits of physical activity and physical fitness on the health of general population are provided with evidence. We investigated association of leisure time physical activity with indicators of body composition and metabolic syndrome among less active, moderately active and active groups. Design: Analysis of cross sectional self reported physical activity index and measured indicators of body composition and metabolic syndrome. Subjects: A total of 100 male subjects, aged 25-50 years, who were part of a randomly selected sample and who agreed to participate in the study. Measurements: Self reported measure of physical activity index, weight (Kg), height (meter), pulse (manually), blood pressure (mercury sphygmomanometer), various biochemical parameters (i.e. serum triglycerides, and fasting plasma glucose) is measured in all the subjects. Results: High levels of leisure time physical activity were positively associated with the likelihood of being in the normal body mass index and lower % body fat. When physical activity score was correlated with the component of metabolic syndrome, we observed that there was significantly negative correlation between physical activity score and Systolic and Diastolic blood pressure, serum triglycerides, fasting blood glucose. Conclusion: This study shows association between body fat, body mass index and leisure time physical activity. Low physical activity is associated with increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome. These findings will have important public health implications for the development and targeting of weight gain prevention strategies and life style modification may be beneficial in avoiding the risk of metabolic syndrome and its consequences.

During a 30-month long study period, 120 children (that included 60 cases with snoring or sleep disordered breathing and 60 controls) were studied. The mean age was 8.62 yrs in the test group. Parameters like BMI and presenting symptoms were recorded. A detailed upper airway examination was performed. Complete polysomnography of the clinical group was conducted. Parameters of health related quality of life (HRQOL) and depressive symptoms were studied by utilizing duly filled up questionnaires ( Peds QL TM 4 and CDI respectively). Parent and child reported health related quality of life as derived from the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory TM 4 (Peds QL TM 4) was significantly lower in the clinical group as compared to that in the control group. Depressive symptoms as derived from Children's' Depression Inventory (CDI) were significantly higher in the clinical group as compared to controls in all the subscales. Children in 7-12 yrs age group who snore were found to have a substantially impaired quality of life that appeared to be unrelated to the severity of OSA. While the pathophysiologic mechanisms that mediate this facet of sleep-disordered-breathing (SDB) -associated morbidity remains to be defined, the present study results suggest that all school children with symptoms of snoring should have a through assessment of their QOL and emotional functioning and necessary intervention should be done at the earliest to remove the causative factor.