This study examined adolescents' perceptions of cultural change and identity development during an age of globalization in India. Analyses of data from 1497 Indian, urban, middle-class 12-15-year-olds (46% girls) revealed that these youth were aware of changes in their daily lives due to globalization and evaluated such changes in a pragmatic light of losses, gains, and a need for adaptation. Furthermore, results showed adolescents remained strongly identified with traditional Indian collectivist beliefs, values, and practices but also identified and participated in individualistic, "minority world" beliefs, values, and practices as well. Findings revealed that a blending of traditional-and minorityworld identity elements (the identity remix) was a common response to globalization among urban middle-class adolescents in India today.

BACKGROUND:Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is emerging as an important cause of childhood blindness in middle-income countries such as India. Although blindness can be prevented in most cases with timely screening and treatment, certain ocular comorbidities can lead to visual impairment. We evaluated and compared 1-year visual, refractive, and structural outcomes and comorbidities in three subsets of preterm infants enrolled for screening of ROP.SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Preterm children enrolled in the hospital's ROP screening program and with diagnosis of no ROP, mild ROP, or severe ROP were followed at 1 year of age to evaluate and compare visual, refractive, and structural outcomes as well as the presence of ocular comorbidities. Risk of poor outcome was calculated in children with mild and severe ROP reference population being children without ROP.RESULTS:Eyes with severe ROP were at highest risk of poor visual (risk ratio [RR]: 3.5, P < 0.001), refractive (RR: 45, P < 0.001), and structural (RR: 11, P = 0.006) outcome as well as ocular comorbidities (RR 11, P < 0.001). Eyes with mild ROP were at higher risk of myopia (RR: 11, P = 0.06) and ocular comorbidities (RR: 4, P = 0.04). Sixteen (16%) of the eyes without ROP developed poor visual outcome.CONCLUSION:Eyes with severe ROP are at highest risk of poor ocular outcomes and comorbidities and need a long-term follow-up. Eyes which do not develop ROP can have poor visual outcome and need to be assessed within the 1st year of life.

No abstract