Optical properties and weakeningofelastic moduli with increasing glass transition temperature ( T g ) in (80-x )TeO 2x BaO-20ZnOglassesBaO addition to ternary(80-x )TeO 2 -20ZnO-x BaO ( x=0-20 mol.%) glasses resulted in adecrease in ultrasonic velocities and independent elastic moduli; this result indicated that the rigidity of the glass networkweakened possibly because non-bridgingoxygen increased.Thermal analysis results showed that glass transition temperature increased as BaO content increasedb ecause of the stabilizing effect of Ba 2+ on the glass network. Additional analyses using bulk compression and ring deformation models revealed that the ratio between theoretical bulk modulus and experimental bulkm odulus increased;t his result indicated that the compression mechanism mainly involved isotropic ring compression. Furthermore, the increase in non-bridging oxygen formationw ith BaO addition caused ad ecrease in optical energy gap and an increase in refractive index. An increase in Urbach energy indicated that the degree of disorder in the glass system also increased.

This study aims to determine the significant effect of seating management on the motivation and learning outcomes of students in Social Studies subject in class V at MI Somba Opu District, Gowa Regency. This type of research is quantitative research with True Experiment Design with pre-test, post-test control group design. The population of this study was MI Somba Opu District. The samples in this study were students of Class V at MI Madani Alauddin and MI Ash Salihin, Gowa Regency, totaling 50 students. The data collection technique used is the provision of questionnaires and taking student learning test results, the value of the acquisition of student learning motivation after being given treatment is 68.28 and student learning outcomes are 80. Based on the results of the questionnaire given to students and student learning outcomes obtained, it proves that motivation and student learning outcomes in the experimental class are higher than the control class, this is because the experimental class is given treatment using several seating placement models so that students are more motivated and learning outcomes increase during the learning process compared to the control class which only uses a seating management model. conventional or in a row. The significant value is less than 0.05, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of seating management with several models on the motivation and learning outcomes of students in Social Studies subject in Class V at MI Somba Opu District, Gowa Regency. This research is expected that teachers can maximize the management of the main class in terms of student seating management by applying several models to increase student motivation and learning outcomes.

In this study, single-core and multi-core Tl1212 tapes were fabricated from Tl-1212 superconducting powder of Tl0.5Pb0.5Sr1.8Yb0.2CaCu2O7 starting composition derived by conventional solid state synthesis. Single core tapes showed maximum Jc and enhanced 1212 phase formation were achieved for tapes annealed at a higher temperature for a longer duration. Multi core tapes showed a general increase in Ic and Jc with the number of tapes core. The highest Jc of 521 A/cm2 was observed for the 4-core tapes annealed at 870 °C for 90 minutes. The initial drastic drop of the tapes Jc in low magnetic fields (≤1T) indicates limitation on tapes performance by weak links. The low Jc of the tapes may be due to the lack of texture in the tapes core as revealed by SEM.