No abstract

This paper describes a system and technique for controlling the attitude and direction of a quadrotor vertical take-off and landing unmanned aerial vehicle (VTOL UAV) using a horizontal thrust system (horizontal thruster), and hereby we call the system "Thruster Quad-rotor". The thruster quad-rotor operates by adjusting the rotational speed of each rotor's propellers to hold the quad-rotor's attitude (angular orientation and linear position in flight), while simultaneously control all direction horizontal motions in the horizontal plane using four thrusters installed on each arm of the quad-rotor. Each rotor is attached to an arm "tube". At the arm, on the tip, there is a thruster (electric duct fan -EDF). The four arms of the quad rotor are connected to the central body and aligned symmetrically at 45-degree angles to the X and Y axes forming a quad-rotor with "X" configuration. The horizontal thrusters enhance the effectiveness of the quad-rotor with novel design modifications; specifically, the horizontal thrusters increase the typical under-actuation to conventional quad-rotors. The application of the novel thruster concept leads to an increase in maneuvering of the UAV and an ability to resist winds and fly in tight spaces and scenarios, which presents flight's mission limitations. This paper will include the practicality of this new system, its conceptual and design aspects, and the mathematical modeling of the channels for the new UAV's enhanced control and guidance system.

No abstract

With the development of the uses of hydrocarbon compounds in many industrial fields, especially in the field of energy liberation through oxidation of gases, as previous research specialized in improving the combustion processes of gases by adding particles of other gases that contribute to improving the combustion of these compounds in terms of temperatures and speed of flame combustion. The previous study aimed to improve the flame speed by adding different gases to several compounds. In this research paper, propane gas C3H8 is used as the main gas to improve its combustion properties. N2 and H2 gas were added in different proportions, through which a clear effect on the combustion properties can be seen in terms of combustion speed. Flames and exhaust as CO and NOx. As the auxiliary gases were added in this improvement at rates of 20%, 30% and 40%, and then these tests were analyzed, where it was concluded that H2 gas clearly contributed to improving the combustion speed of the flame, as the flame combustion velocity reached 58.3 cm/s by 40%.

No abstract