After the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, there has been strong anti-Islamic and anti-Arabic sentiment in the United States, which has been generalized to all those who "appear" Muslim and Arab. Many men in the Sikh community were targeted because of their appearance (e.g., turbans and long beards) and have been victims of verbal attacks and physical harm because of misperceptions and ignorance regarding their identity. Multicultural competence requires psychologists to understand the experiences of diverse groups, including Sikh men, and yet there is a gap in the literature in that there are no published research studies on this population. This qualitative phenomenological study focuses on the experiences of five Indian American, Sikh men post-9/11 in the New York City metropolitan area. Participants engaged in semistructured interviews on their understanding of themselves and their experiences. The themes that emerged included: Defining one's identity as a Sikh, Misidentification as anti-American, Oppression and discrimination, and Coping internally and externally; each theme included subthemes within. Implications for practice are discussed.

The cultural experiences of transracial and international adoptees (TRIAs) are uniquely affected by their adoption across cultures and racial/ethnic groups. Upon adoption, TRIAs typically identify quickly with their adoptive parents' White culture but may eventually seek to reclaim their birth culture. Current terminology used to describe cultural identifications and changes (e.g., acculturation, enculturation) does not adequately depict the reclamation of birth culture by TRIAs. The authors describe a new term for this process called reculturation.

The emphasis placed on prolonged engagement, fieldwork, and participant observation has prevented wide-scale use of ethnography in counseling psychology. This article provides a discussion of ethnography in terms of definition, process, and potential ethical dilemmas. The authors propose that ethnographically informed methods can enhance counseling psychology research conducted with multicultural communities and provide better avenues toward a contextual understanding of diversity as it relates to professional inquiry.

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The authors investigated the relationships among independent and interdependent self-construals (i.e., self-conceptualizations), dimensions of individualism and collectivism, and aspects of harmony control (i.e., the degree to which individuals are flexible in recognizing that their personal power stems from spiritual, social, and contextual forces) in a sample of 240 African American community college students. Results revealed that independent and interdependent self-construals and dimensions of individualism and collectivism were differentially related to various harmony control dimensions. Implications of the findings are discussed.