Background: In underdeveloped nations like Pakistan, a recent estimate showed that the CVD deaths ratio is about 80%. This increasing prevalence of heart disease is partly due to industrial and technical advancements, which are linked to economic and social revolutions that have resulted in lifestyle changes and sedentary behavior. Aim: To determine frequency of in-hospital outcomes in patients with AMI who have had a premature coronary artery disease. Methodology; Study design; Descriptive case series. Setting; Department of Cardiology, D.G. Khan Medical College and teaching hospital, D.G.Khan.Duration; Six months.Results: The findings revealed that male patients made up 96 (66.2%) of the 145 research cases, while female patients made up 49 (33.8%). Our study participants were 47.67± 7.59 years old on average (minimum age 35 years and maximum 63 years). Before arriving at the hospital, the average time was 113.79 ± 54.36 minutes. In our research, 19(13.1%) of the individuals died, 36(24.8%) experienced post-MI angina, and 29(20%) had a cardiogenic shock. Conclusion: According to our findings, patients with early coronary artery disease and acute myocardial infarction had a significantly higher likelihood of poor clinical outcomes. Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction, mortality, and premature coronary artery disease.

Objective: To assess frequency and survival of AMI patients with diabetes mellitus. Study Type: Prospective observational study. Study Place and Duration: DG Khan Medical College & DHQ Teaching Hospital, DG Khan, from 1st June 2020 to 30th May 2021. Material and methods: The study comprised instances of Type II diabetes mellitus that required admission in the hospital due to ST elevation myocardial infarction and met the other criteria. Electrocardiogram (ECG) 6 hourly, cardiac enzymes on arrival, repeated at two, four, eight, twelve, and twenty four hours, and Troponin T fast assay are among the tests performed. On the basis of the above-mentioned work-up, the definitive diagnosis was made within 48 hours for acute myocardial infarction after admission. The HbA1c level and blood glucose level were also checked to determine the diabetic state. Results: Overall 366 diabetes patients with AMI were studied. Out of these, 269 (73.5%) were males and 97 (26.5%) were females. The mean age of the patients was 44.86±12.26 years. Inferior wall MI was found in (33.3%) patients and left ventricle dysfunction was found in (21.6%) patients. CK-MB and troponin T enzyme was found in raised diabetes patients, (51.9%) and (90.7%), respectively. n=44 (12.0%) deaths were reported in 1-10 days, n=43 (11.7%) deaths were reported in 11-20 days and n=51 (13.9%) deaths were reported in 21-30 days. Conclusion: In current study it was concluded that in patients with diabetes mellitus, the short term mortality increases. Keywords: Frequency, Short term, Acute Myocardial Infarction (MI), Diabetes Mellitus(DM), Mortality, Shortness of Breath, Chest Pain

Objective: To investigate the frequency of modifiable risk factors of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in young and old patients. Study design: Cross sectional observational study Place and duration: Study was conducted at cardiology department of DG Khan Medical College & DHQ Teaching Hospital, DG Khan, from 1st July 2020 to 30th June 2021. in one year duration. Methodology: Data was collected from consecutive 120 patients admitted in ward with diagnosis of STEMI. Patient differentiated on the bases of their age ≤ 40 years and above 40 years. Patient's complete demographic data was recorded and blood samples were taken for serum cholesterol, HDL level, LDL level and triglycerides. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis and mean (SD) were calculated for numerical data. Frequency (percentages) was calculated for categorical data. Results: Age was stratified with respect to risk factors and it was seen that history of HTN, history of diabetes mellitus, family history of CD, smoking, elevated cholesterol, elevated triglyceride, decreased HDL and elevated LDL were highly associated except gender. These risk factors were more common in >40 years of age. Conclusion: Modifiable risk factors like cholesterol level, smoking, hypertension have high prevalence in ST elevation myocardial patients. Along with all modifiable risk factors old age increase the chances of STEMI. Keywords: STEMI, Modifiable risk factors, cardiac diseases, elevated cholesterol