CGL patients from Turkey had both previously reported and novel mutations of the AGPAT2, BSCL2, and PTRF genes. Our study highlights the early onset of severe metabolic abnormalities and increased risk of end-organ complications in patients with CGL.

IntroductionMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) can be obtained with a basic hemogram test. These parameters have been found as a predictor of mortality in the general population and in several diseases such as cardiovascular disease.MethodsOur study included 100 patients with newly diagnosed MDD and 100 healthy control patients (who had no depressive symptoms and without heart disease) admitted to our outpatient clinics. Patients with MDD were started on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment and followed up for 3 months. Both MDD and control patients’ laboratory tests and physical, neurological, and psychiatric examinations were performed both at diagnosis and after 3 months of treatment.ResultsIn total, 100 patients with MDD were evaluated and 80 were included in our study. The control group consisted of 91 healthy individuals. The mean age was 44 ± 10.6 years for patients with MDD and 39.8 ± 11.4 years for the control group. There was no significant difference between the age for groups (P = 0.13); 55% of patients with MDD and 33% of the control group was male. NLR levels were found to be 2.55 ± 0.7 and RDW levels were found to be 14.3 ± 2.6 in patients with MDD; NLR levels were found to be 1.41 ± 0.8 and RDW levels were found to be 13.4 ± 1.8 in the control group. RDW and NLR levels were significantly higher in patients with MDD compared to the control group. The significant difference between the levels of RDW and NLR in patients with MDD and the control group was dissolved after SSRI treatment (P < 0.001). RDW [median 14.3, interquartile range (IQR) 2.8 vs. median 13.25, IQR 2.45; P < 0.001] and NLR (median 2.3, IQR 1.1 vs. median 2.0, IQR 1.15; P < 0.001) levels were significantly higher in patients with MDD compared to the control group.ConclusionOur study showed that hematological inflammatory markers might be useful parameters that can be used in patients with MDD for coronary artery disease risk. Specifically, RDW and NLR seem to be more hopeful. Advanced, detailed, and larger studies are needed.

Our findings have shown that traumatic events may have an important role in the occurrence, severity and duration of CD, and most of the patients seek help from religious healers. The study has also revealed that lower education level and socioeconomic and sociocultural problems may play a role in the occurrence of the disorder as well as regarding its course.

Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging has high sensitivity and specificity for differentiating parathyroid adenomas from benign and malignant thyroid nodules. As an adjunctive tool, it can help distinguish parathyroid adenomas from thyroid nodules, including posteriorly located nodules.

Previous studies have suggested that prolidase and nitric oxide (NO) regulate many processes, such as collagen synthesis and matrix remodeling. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of microvascular complications in diabetic patients. Data on serum prolidase activity in patients with diabetes mellitus or diabetic neuropathy (DN) are limited and conflicting. The aim of this study was to measure serum prolidase activity, NO, total antioxidant status (TAS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients with DN. Forty-five patients with DN and 40 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum prolidase activity, TAS, MDA, and NO levels were determined. Serum MDA and NO levels were significantly higher in DN patients than controls (p = 0.002, p = 0.001, respectively), while prolidase activity and TAS levels were lower (p = 0.003, p = 0.001, respectively). Prolidase activity was negatively correlated with NO and MDA (r = -0.911, p < 0.001; r = -0.905, p < 0.001, respectively), while positively correlated with TAS (r = 0.981, p < 0.001) in DN patients. The current study is the first showing the decreased serum prolidase enzyme activity. Our results suggest that decreased collagen turnover may occur in DN patients, who have increased oxidative stress and increased NO levels. Decreased prolidase activity seems to be associated with increased NO levels and oxidative stress along with decreased antioxidant levels in DN. Therefore, decreased prolidase activity may play a role in pathogenesis of DN. Prospective clinical studies are necessary to confirm these findings.