Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

The results suggest that Turkish boys may have a different tempo of skeletal maturation during pubertal development from that of American children which GP standards were derived. Therefore, GP Atlas is not completely applicable to Turkish boys but can be used with some modification.

Purpose: There is currently no gold standard treatment for unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the elderly. Internal fixation and hemiarthroplasty are two common treatment methods but studies comparing the functional outcomes of these procedures in the elderly are limited. This study evaluates the functional outcomes of hip fracture patients treated either with internal fixation or hemiarthroplasty. Methods: Eighty-six elderly (>60 years) patients who presented with isolated, unstable intertrochanteric fractures between 2009 and 2013 were included in the study. According to the classification of Association for Osteosynthesis/Orthopaedic Trauma Association; 12 of the patients had a 31A1.3 fracture type, 36 of the patients had 31A2.2 and 19 had 31A2.3 fracture type, 12 had 31A3.1 and seven had 31A3.3 fracture. Forty-two of 86 hip patients (Group 1) were treated with intramedullary nailing and antirotator proximal femoral nail implant (TST, Turkey), and 44 (Group 2) were treated with cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty. Preoperative social function (Jensen) score, EQ-5D index score and mobility (Palmer/Parker) scores were obtained. Five dimensions of EQ-5D were obtained at every follow-up visit until 24 months postoperative. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between two groups according to preoperative demographic variables, including mean age and sex and Jensen, Palmer/Parker,EQ-5D index, five dimensions of EQ-5D and American Society of Anesthesiologists scores. At end of 24 months follow-up, health-related quality of life had increased more in Group 1 and they reported better social functioning and mobility scores (p

Prognostic level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Epidemiologic and prognostic study, level III.