This paper is a systematic review of studies that used multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to address plastic waste management. A literature search for scientific articles in online databases (Web of Science and Scopus) enabled us to identify 20 relevant papers from 2008 to 2021, spanning case studies in three continents. These studies focus on: plastics as a resource (material), plastics as a product (reverse logistics), and plastics as a problem (pollution). Content analysis methodology was used, with the focus being on how the authors used MCDA for managing plastic waste, which has relevance for researchers and practitioners. Alternative solutions were found for the selection of disposal methods for almost all types of plastic categorized in this review. The most popular method was AHP, followed by TOPSIS, outranking methods, MAUT/MAVT and simple weighted sums, with some studies including more than one method. The choice of criteria spanned operational (mostly), but also environmental and economic aspects to evaluate the alternatives. Less frequently, one finds criteria related to social, managerial, and political aspects. The weighting of the criteria was performed mainly by consulting experts, followed by decision makers. Representatives of the affected population or other stakeholders have been consulted only on a few occasions. The authors of the studies consider their application of MCDA was successful, highlighting mainly the importance of being able to encompass different dimensions in the evaluation of the alternatives and the transparency of the process. In most cases, a winning alternative emerged clearly, which sometimes was a combination of multiple strategies. We also report other recommendations of these authors concerning marine and terrestrial plastic waste management.

<p>Este estudo de caso, de natureza qualitativa, objetivou investigar os fatores intervenientes na formação de competências gerenciais. Para tanto, foram entrevistados 14 empregados participantes do Programa de Desenvolvimento Gerencial para potenciais gestores da Unidade de Serviços Compartilhados de uma empresa brasileira atuante no ramo de energia integrada. Os resultados apontaram que os fatores intervenientes derivam de três categorias inter-relacionadas: o Conceito de Unidade de Serviços Compartilhados as Competências Gerenciais Requeridas e o Processo de Formação das Competências Requeridas. Para a formação de Competências Gerenciais, foram valorizadas as atividades práticas e vivenciais, o papel dos gerentes atuais e a necessidade de avaliação e <em>feedback</em>.</p><p>Palavras-chave: Competências. Desenvolvimento gerencial. Centros de Serviços Compartilhados. Formação de competências.</p>

This article deals with Russian Pedagogy, its historical context and the contributions of this movement to the education of the time. Thus, the general objective is to analyze the contributions of Pistrak and his works in the movement called Russian Pedagogy. To this end, a theoretical study was carried out, a bibliographic study centered on the context of ancient Russia and the Pedagogy movement between 1917 and 1932. The focus was the author Moisey Mikhaylovich Pistrak and the school of work. Finally, it was observed that the school of work aimed at the formation of a new socialist society. In this sense, the nature of education, the cultural role of the school of work and the relationship between science and work are the three conclusions drawn by Pistrak on school work. Thus, a more concrete definition of the word work is to have a participation in the student's life and in its social construction, both inside and inside the classroom and science as a generalized and systematized guiding practice of this activity

This article aims to reveal the importance of the work of the Italian physicist and chemist Alessandro Volta, in the 18th century, the voltaic cell. Also aiming at the relevance of this invention in the teaching of chemistry in high school, more specifically in the study of batteries, in which there is a gap in relation to this subject, often unnoticed and without crediting the real importance, neither to the content studied, nor to scientists involved in the discoveries. These are vitally notable so that the student can feel comfortable and understand that scientific discoveries occur with successions of works and research. The research also calls for attention to the scientific and technological advance of batteries over the centuries after their invention, for the scientists responsible for these advances; and yet, it alludes to the environmental impacts caused by the rampant consumption of electronic devices that use some type of battery since the first devices that used this technology for their operation.

O presente artigo tem como seu objetivo principal trazer os livros paradidáticos/de literatura como ferramenta pedagógica a ser utilizada pelos professores de Química no Ensino Médio, a fim de ajudar os docentes a aumentar sua bagagem pedagógica, facilitando a forma de transmitir conteúdos e evidenciando a seus discentes como ocorrem as descobertas científicas, os fatos e mitos presentes nos livros de fantasia, utilizando como exemplo a pseudociência que foi a alquimia. Foi realizado uma profunda pesquisa de cunho qualitativa acerca de livros, cuja principal temática se relacionasse a fantasia e com utilidade no ensino. A escolha no horizonte do mágico, do fantástico, da fantasia, deu-se devido a um aumento da capacidade imaginativa provocada quando se lê obras desse cunho, e devido a facilidade linguística com que os alunos do ensino médio estão familiarizados, uma linguagem que os aproxime da leitura e os deixem emergidos no mundo da imaginação e da criatividade. No final do artigo podemos evidenciar a pouca utilização de livros paradidáticos/de literatura em áreas diversificadas do ensino.