Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder inherited from the parent with unusual production of hemoglobin, infectious complications, immune abnormalities and iron overload with related to  organ damage that consider a chief causes of morbidity and mortality.  So this study aimed to evaluate the important causative agents and the role of IL-10 gene polymorphism in progressive disease. A Case-control study was performed to 46 Beta-thalassemia patients attended to inherited blood center in AL-Zahraa teaching hospital with group of 30 healthy individual as control. Blood sample was collected from all patients and control. IL-10 level were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Singule nucleotide polymorphism detected by ARMS-PCR technique. The result shown that  46(46% ) patients with thalassemia , the male higher than female  with frequency (65%), according to infection  32(70%) were TTI with HCV a most common pathogen 19(41 %).This study  explain that serum level of IL-10 is significantly higher among patients with thalassemia (98±27.53)pg/ml compared to healthy control (10.67±1.49) pg\ml and was higher in HCV infected patients  (121.56 ±32.60)pg/ml than  non-infected with HCV record ( 73.61± 18.29)  pg/ml.

Transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) an important causes of  morbidity and mortality among recipients of blood /blood products since it among the essential vehicles for infectious agents that lead to disability or  death. So this study aimed to evaluate the important causative agents and the role of IL-17 in progressive disease . A Case-control study was performed to 100 patients with Transfusion blood attended   to  AL-Sadder teaching hospital with group of 30 healthy individual as control. Blood sample was collected from all patients and control. IL-17 level were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The result shown that Hemodialysis patients 54 (54%) patient from which 40(74%) suffering from TTI, HCV were most common causative agents with 42 % and the male recorded 63%. While 46(46%) patients with thalassemia from which 32(70%) were TTI and HCV a most common pathogen with 19(41 %), the male higher than female with frequency (65%). In conclusion: This result explain that HCV infected more than non-infected HD patients  and the serum IL-17 level increased significantly in HD patients with HCV, then patients without HCV infection in comparison with healthy control group.