Aim Influenza vaccination is the most effective method in prevention of influenza disease and its complications. Our study aimed to investigate the rates of vaccination and the behaviors and attitudes against the vaccine in healthcare workers in Turkey. Methods This multicenter national survey is a descriptive study in which 12475 healthcare workers. Healthcare workers were asked to answer the questionnaire consisting of 12 questions via the survey. Results It was found that 6.7% of the healthcare workers regularly got vaccinated each year and that 55% had never had the influenza vaccine before. The biggest obstacle against getting vaccinated was determined as not believing in the necessity of the vaccine (53.1%). Conclusion The rates of influenza vaccination in healthcare workers in Turkey are quite low. False knowledge and attitudes on the vaccine and disease are seen as the most important reasons to decline vaccination. It is important to detect reasons for anti‐vaccination and set a course in order to increase the rates of vaccination.

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of fatty liver without inflammatory infiltration, excessive alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis, and other liver diseases. NAFLD is a major health problem as it can lead to cirrhosis, liver cancer and mortality. In HIV-positive patients, the prevalence of NAFLD ranges from 28 to 48%. Currently, there is no information about the prevalence and related factors related to NAFLD in those with HIV infection in our country. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of NAFLD and the related factors in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients. Methods: The demographic data and ultrasonography of 558 HIV-infected patients newly diagnosed between June 2015 and September 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. In hepatic echogenicity, fatty liver was diagnosed with hyper echogenicity of liver compared with renal cortex and diffusion. Uni- and multi-variate logistic regression analyses were applied to estimate factors associated with NAFLD. Results: Of 358 patients who met the study criteria, 118 (33%) were diagnosed as NAFLD. Obesity was found in 10.2% of the patients with NAFLD and in 3.1% of the patients without NAFLD (p=0.021). NAFLD rate was significantly higher in patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension (p<0.05). In the multivariate analysis, age, 1 mg/dl increase in glucose and triglyceride values and 1 unit increase in ALT/AST were associated with NAFLD. Conclusions: The results highlight the importance of early recognition and management of NAFLD and traditional factors associated with NAFLD in Turkish patients with HIV infection. Additionally, precautions and treatments should be a priority in the follow-up of patients in order to ensure the reduction of liver-related morbidity and mortality, which is one of the non-AIDS causes of these newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients.

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Objective: Sandfly fever (SF) is a self-limited vector-related viral infection caused by the SF virus and is spread by phlebotomine sandflies (PSF). Fever, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, loss of appetite, weakness, nausea, and vomiting are the most common symptoms. Laboratory findings include leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated liver transaminase enzymes. We aimed to examine the demographic, clinical, and laboratory data of patients who were followed with SF diagnosis. Methods: Patients who were followed with SF diagnosis in our hospital between January 2011 and December 2018 were included. The data were obtained retrospectively. Results: A total of 64 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 33.1 ± 9.7(min:19-max:58) years and 35(54.7%) of them were male. Although 53.1% had a history of contact with PSF, 92.2% had a bite mark. 91.6% of the patients were living on the ground and first floor. Fever was the most common symptom in 95.3% of the patients; 89% had myalgia-weakness, 79.6% had a headache, and 50% had a conjunctival rash. Increased transaminase enzyme levels were observed in approximately 93% of the patients. The average of ALT and AST were 284.7 U/L and 243.5 U/L, respectively. Leukopenia was observed in 79.6% (51/64) of them, and thrombocytopenia in 78% (50/64). CK elevation was 54% ratio (35/64). Samples were tested from 19 patients for the serological diagnosis of SF. IgM was positive in 15 (78.9%) of 19 patients and negative in 4(21%) patients. IgG was positive in 10 (52.6%) of 19 patients. Both IgG and IgM were positive in 9 patients. Only IgG positivity was detected in one patient. Conclusion: SF should be considered in patients presenting with complaints such as fever, headache, muscle joint pain, nausea-vomiting, redness in the eyes, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated transaminase enzyme, CK level, and living in or having a history of travel to subtropical regions, especially during the summer season and a history of PSF contact.