Trauma is considered a significant event that causes intense fear and anxiety and frequent avoidance owing to its unfolding and persistence. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may develop when the distress and symptoms caused by the development and acute nature of the trauma do not resolve spontaneously over time. Incompatibility with one's existing schemas and the emergence of new nonfunctional schemas are both effective in the development of PTSD. Thus, while working with trauma victims, attempts to restructure the existing traumatic cognitions by doing assessments about traumatic cognitions play an effective role in reinterpreting the traumatic experience. This review study examines the nature of trauma, the expression of trauma according to cognitive therapy, widely recognized cognitive models explaining trauma, and frequently utilized effective cognitive methods for trauma victims. The impact of cognitive processes on the development and continuation of trauma was expressed, and the models of different experts explaining trauma were discussed in detail. Furthermore, considering the contribution of cognitive therapy intervention techniques for PTSD in healthily reevaluating the trauma, cognitive therapy methods that are thought to contribute to both the victim and mental health professionals are included.

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This study developed a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based psychoeducation practice aimed at reducing obsessive-compulsive symptom levels in adolescents in Turkey and tested its effectiveness with a mixed-methods study. After the study was constructed as a pretest-posttest control group experimental application consisting of qualitative stages. The experimental application of the study was carried out with high school students in Turkey. In the sampling process, the schools, where the study will be carried out, were determined with the cluster sampling method. The experimental and control groups were formed with 30 students with high obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms from these schools, and the developed CBT-based psychoeducation practice was applied to the experimental group for 12 weeks. Quantitative data were collected through the “Child Version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory,” and normality analysis, t-test for dependent samples, and Single Factor Analysis of Covariance were used. Qualitative data of the study were collected through document review, session evaluation forms, and semi-structured interview protocol; content and descriptive analysis techniques were used in the analysis. It was concluded that the developed CBT-based psychoeducation application was an effective approach in reducing OCD symptoms in the Turkish adolescent sample, except for the neutralizing dimension. It was also determined that the findings obtained from the analysis during the application and the interviews after the application are parallel with the findings obtained by quantitative methods, and the qualitative and quantitative findings adequately explained the quantitative documents findings.