To meet consumer requirements and expectations, innovative approaches to combining whey with other ingredients are being explored. The demand for health-promoting drinks containing vitamins, probiotics, prebiotics, minerals, and bioactive components (antioxidants) has risen, propelling market expansion. The purpose of this study was to develop a synbiotic functional whey beverage supplemented with Bifidobacterium animalis, D-allulose, and β-glucan and evaluate its microbiological, physicochemical, and influence on several health indicators in a Wistar rat model. The beverage supplemented with D-allulose had the highest average viable counts of B. animalis (9.20 log 10 CFU/g) and was the second most preferred in terms of of taste, texture and general acceptability compared to β-glucan-containing beverage. The highest TAS and lowest TOS values were determined in the serum samples of rats belonging to group WA, WG and WAG, respectively. This study might lead to additional studies focusing on specific variables and the relevance of utilizing D-allulose in dairy product processing.

No abstract

Ders kitapları gerek öğretmenler gerekse öğrenciler tarafından en çok kullanılan ders araç-gereçleridir. Öğretim programın takibini sağlaması ve ders işlenişinde dağınıklığı engellemesi, öğrenci ve öğretmenlerin işlerini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Kitaplarda yer alan hazırlık soruları konunun anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunurken, değerlendirme soruları da konunun pekişmesini sağlamaktadır. Ders kitabı öğretimi programını yansıtmaktadır. Bütün bu özellikleriyle ders kitapları vazgeçilmez materyallerin başında gelmektedir. Yeni hazırlanan 10. Sınıf Tarih Ders Kitabı ve Programı 2017-2018 eğitim öğretim yılında kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı 2018 yılında Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından yapılan öğretim programı ile hazırlanan yeni 10. sınıf tarih ders kitabının fiziksel tasarım, eğitsel tasarım, görsel materyal kullanımı ve ölçme ve değerlendirme boyutlarında tarih öğretmenleri tarafından nasıl değerlendirildiğini tespit etmektir. Çalışma evreni Türkiye’deki İlgi Yayınları 10. sınıf tarih ders kitabını kullanan tarih öğretmenleridir. Çalışmanın örneklemini ise Kırklareli ili tarih öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem seçimi yapılırken “küme örnekleme” tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Toplanan verilerin analizi için IBM SPSS Statistics 20 programından yararlanılmıştır. Toplanan verilere ait tanımlayıcı istatistikler ayrıntılı olarak verilmiştir. Yapılan Bağımsız örneklem t-testi, Mann-Whitney U Testi, One-Way ANOVA ve Kruskal-Wallis H Testi sonucunda “Yaş”, “Meslekteki Çalışma Yılı”, “Mezun Olduğu Bölüm” değişkenlerine göre öğretmenlerin “Lise Tarih Ders Kitaplarını Değerlendirme” konusuna ilişkin tutum düzeylerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık gösterip göstermediği araştırılmış, anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır.

Functional foods are foods that beneficially affect one or more functions in the body beyond their adequate nutritional effects. This study is aimed to reveal the knowledge levels and attitudes of undergraduate students in the department of nutrition and dietetics about probiotics and their products with survey data. Material and Methods: The questions of the survey were prepared after the researchers searched the literature on relevant subjects and the data were obtained with an online survey collection tool (Google forms). The survey form consists of 3 parts including sociodemographic information, knowledge of probiotic products and consumption of probiotic foods, and opinions about probiotic products of students. The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration Principles. Results: This study was carried out with the voluntary participation of 221 of 274 students in Department of Nutrition and Dietetics at Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University. As a result of the study, statistically significant (p<0.05) results were obtained between the grade levels of students and their consumption of probiotic foods and their attitudes towards probiotic foods. When the students were asked about 16 different effects of probiotics, it was determined that they did not know much about the currently revealed effects of probiotics. Conclusion: Obtained results showed that the students had knowledge about the effects of probiotics on health, their knowledge and attitudes towards probiotic products changed positively with their grade level; however, they did not have enough knowledge about current developments.

Background: Endocrine compounds, such as Bisphenol A (BPA), stimulate or inhibit the activities of hormones, nuclear receptors in the central nervous system, liver and other organs. They may be disposed of in the environment inadverdently around industrial sites. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of BPA on human lymphocytes in culture at varying concentrations. Methods: 0.1 mL heparinized 0.2 mL peripheral blood taken from a healthy male and a female were plated in culture media under sterile conditions. To prepare the reference dose at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL, 0.027g BPA was dissolved in 1 L dimethyl sulfoxide and the highest dose of 50 μg/mL BPA solution was prepared. After separating the stock solution, 50 μg/mL BPA was diluted to prepare 20, 10 or 5 μg/mL doses. Results: After 24 h of incubation, abnormal cell±Standart Error (%)[AC±SE (%)] 1.10±1.0, chromosomal aberration/cell±Standart Error (CA/cell±SE) 0.025±0.01 was determined in control group, and AC±SE (%) 2.00±0.98 in control group. After 48 h of incubation 0.98, CA/cell±SE was found to be 0.020±0.01. After 24 and 48 h of incubation, AC±SE (%) and CA/cell±SE ratios were 30.00±3.24, 34.00±3.35 and 0.325±0.03, 0.430±0.04, respectively. Conclusion: The cytotoxic effect of BPA on human lymphocytes was investigated in this study at reference concentration and lower doses. Our findings support the fact that BPA substitutes may not be sufficiently safe for widespread use as industrial chemicals.