No abstract

Environmental issues are increasingly transforming business practices and consumer behavior across the world. In this study, consumers' attitude towards green products has been investigated. Consumers' awareness of environment, their attitude towards environment protection, and their perceived functionality of eco-labels have also been investigated. Results indicate that despite significant awareness and positive attitude towards environmental protection, attitude towards environmentally friendly products is not significantly high. There has been found a significant positive correlation between consumer awareness of environmental issues and their attitude on green products. Correlation between attitude of consumers towards environment protection and their attitude towards green products has been found to be insignificant.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify the underlying factors of impulsive buying behavior that would impact consumers’ buying behavior and eventually their purchase intentions.   Methodology: This research is based on the philosophy of positivism and employs a quantitative examination. In order to reach to our target market, we have used convenience sampling (non-probability sampling) and tried to gather the data in the original shopping environment i.e. a survey in shopping malls. A sample of 400 was gathered and analyzed. The SPSS version 20 is used for data analysis. Findings: Results of this study show that a consumer’s mood has a significant impact on buying as it can trigger impulse behavior in consumers. Person situations can also influence   impulse buying for example time, money and the fear of missing out can all trigger impulse buying. Store layout can also trigger that unplanned purchase which means store lighting, the music of the store and ambiance may affect the purchasing. Product promotion has an impact on spontaneous purchase which indicates that free coupons, discounts and free delivery are offered   to attract the customer to a sudden purchase.  Product design, packaging, color and labeling indicate a positive and significant impact on impulse buying. However, materialism indicates an insignificant impact on impulse buying. Contribution to literature:  This research is positively contributing to or suggesting that practitioners or sellers better understand the intrinsic factors influencing customers ’purchase intentions in the cosmetic industry.

Every growing organization considers its human resource as the most precious and critical asset. Hence the importance of retention management in the organizations is very important. The world of banking has changed radically since last decade. In banks, employees are required to be smarter, safer, better trained, more thoughtful and more aware and engaged in order to meet the expectations of customers, colleagues, regulators and stakeholders. This study is an attempt to investigate the retention issues in private banks of Pakistan and to identify the key contributor in overall retention management among job satisfaction, empowerment, training and development, career development and planning and organization image. The study revealed that among factors used in the study, career development and organization image were key contributors which helps in increasing the retention in the two private banks. The study further revealed that there are many other factors which are explaining the retention issues and need to be explored. Questionnaires among the staff members posted at Head Office of both banks were distributed and 15% of the total population of Head Office were submitted their responses. In the end it is found that the more HR practices are in place, the more the bank employee are competent, satisfied, and have sufficient role clarity in their job and will have no intention to leave the organization. This paper concludes that if the commercial banks in developing countries like Pakistan are able to successfully implement HR practices, they could achieve the maximum contribution of their employees, although, at present, the economic and political environment within which HR practices operate is not that conducive.