Antibiotics are commonly used as food additives in broiler farms and their use tends to be excessive regardless and incorrect that can leave some antibiotic residues in chicken meat. The aimed of this study was to analyze on  antibiotic residues level amoxicillin and tetracycline in chicken meat sold in Medan. The antibiotic residues analysis was conducted by extracting the antibiotic from chicken meat with water and acetonitrile (2:8, v/v) and detected by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry detector using C-18 column (4.6 mm i.d., length 30 mm, particle size 1.8 µm) at 35 oC, with the mobile phases,  0.1 % formic acid solution in water and 0.1 % formic acid solution in methanol with gradient elution technique at a flow rate of  0.5 ml/minute. The result exhibited that the chicken meat that were collected from five  markets  in Medan apparently contained antibiotic residues  tetracycline . The level of  tetracyclin residue in chicken meat was  0.1157-1.4436 µg/g, which exceed the maximum level  for tetracyclin residue allowed in foodstuffs of animal origin which is 0.1 ug/g.   Keywords: residue, antibiotic, amoxicillin, tetracycline, chicken meat

Telah dilakukan penetapan kadar senyawa berberin dari ekstrak etanol akar dan batang sekunyit (Fibraurea tinctoria Lour). Sekunyit merupakan tumbuhan berbentuk liana yang telah digunakan oleh masyarakat dalam menyembuhkan berbagai macam penyakit. Akar dan batang tumbuhan ini berkhasiat mengobati demam kuning, diare, sakit mata dan diabetes. Fibraurea tinctoria diketahui sebagai spesies tumbuhan yang mengandung senyawa alkaloid isokuinolin berberin. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kadar senyawa berberin dari ekstrak etanol akar dan batang tumbuhan sekunyit.  Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan kolom C-18 (ODS) dengan metode KCKT, fase gerak berupa campuran eluen metanol : buffer fosfat pH 6,8 (gradien elusi), laju alirnya 1 ml/menit dideteksi dengan detektor UV. Analisa dilakukan pada panjang gelombang 346 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol diketahui mengandung senyawa berberin sebesar 25,8%.

Penelitian mengenai formulasi sediaan krim tabir surya dari ekstrak etanol bekatul padi beras merah (Oryza sativa L) dan penentuan nilai SPF secara in vitro menggunakan spektofotometer UV telah dilakukan. Ekstrak etanol bekatul padi beras merah telah terbukti mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan. Penentuan nilai SPF perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui kemampuan ekstrak etanol bekatul padi beras merah dalam melindungi kulit dari radiasi sinar UV.  Ekstrak etanol bekatul padi beras merah diformulasi dalam bentuk sediaan krim tipe m/a yang terdiri dari F1 dan F2 menggunakan konsentrasi ekstrak masing-masing 5% dan 10%. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil F2 memiliki nilai SPF yang lebih tinggi yaitu 13,098 dibandingkan F1 yaitu 11,861. Berdasarkan nilai SPF yang dihasilkan dari formula dapat disimpulkan bahwa sediaan krim tabir surya ekstrak etanol bekatul padi beras merah dapat melindungi kulit dari radiasi sinar UV secara maksimal selama 110-130 menit.

One of the antidiabetic activity tests is carried out through inhibition testing of the ɑ-glucosidase enzyme. Sonneratia ovata Backer is a mangrove plant that has been used traditionally in medicine. The antidiabetic activity of the fruit samples of Kedabu (Sonneratia ovata Backer) was tested by measuring the inhibition of the ɑ-glucosidase enzyme in vitro. The test sample used ethanol extract (EE) and 3 fruit fractions of Kedabu. The calculation result of the IC50 value obtained at EE was 1.86 µg / mL, the calculation result of the IC50 value obtained in the n-hexane (FH) fraction of Kedabu fruit was 193.32 µg / mL, the calculation result of the IC50 value obtained in the ethyl acetate fraction (FE) of fruit Kedabu is 2.32 µg / mL and finally the calculation result of the IC50 value of water fraction (FA) is 2.29 µg / mL. The positive control in this study, Akarbose, obtained an IC50 result of 0.75 µg / mL. Based on the results obtained, the ethanol extract of Kedabu (Sonneratia ovata Backer) fruit is very active and has the potential as an inhibitor of the ɑ-glucosidase enzyme, followed by the water fraction and ethyl acetate fraction, while the potentially inactive sample is in the n-hexane fraction.

Palm fruit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) is a natural source of vitamin E (tocopherol). This study has determined vitamin E levels in n-hexane extracts of palm fruit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) and CPO (Crude Palm Oil) using HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) method. The subject were palm fruit and CPO obtained from plantations and palm fruit mills PT X located in Kampar district, Riau. Extraction of palm fruit and CPO using ultrasonication and saponification method. Measurement using HPLC obtained optimum conditions using mobile phase acetonitrile: water (86:14), flow 1 mL/minute, UV-Vis detector at wavelength 284 nm and obtained retention time is 3,488 minutes.  Determination of the calibration curve is obtained the regression equation y = 702,872x + 3273,26 and r2 = 0,9985. The result of the determination vitamin E levels in the palm fruit extract and CPO sequentially is (469,4008 ± 2,5879) µg/mg and for CPO is (262,5248 ± 6,3987) µg/mg.