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The present study reports the simple, inexpensive, eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using coconut oil cake extract. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy peak at 3 keV confirmed the presence of silver. Transmission electron micrograph showed that nanoparticles are mostly circular with an average size of 10-70 nm. The results of the X-ray powder diffraction analysis (2θ = 46.2, 67.4 and 76.8) indicated the crystal nature of the AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicates that proteins present in the oilcake extract could be responsible for the reduction of silver ions. The synthesized AgNPs (1-4 mm) reduced the growth rate of multi-antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as Aeromonas sp., Acinetobacter sp. and Citrobacter sp. isolated from livestock wastewater.

Solanum nigrum, a medicinal plant, traditionally used in treating diabetes mellitus. In this study, we used the leaf extract of the plant to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), as a proposition to treat alloxaninduced diabetic rats. The phytosynthesised AgNPs were analyzed using UV-visible and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy for their functional groups. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that, the synthesized particles are found to be 4-25 nm in size. Monodispersed and spherical nature of synthesized AgNPs were shown by scanning electron microscope and the presence of Ag in the AgNPs was confirmed by energy dispersive spectrum. The phytosynthesised AgNPs were evaluated for its antidiabetic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. AgNPs-treated diabetic rats found to be significantly improved the dyslipidemic condition as seen in the diabetic control. Furthermore, it also reduced the blood glucose level over the period of treatment. The improvement in body weight was also found to be evidence for S. nigrum extract-mediated AgNPs as a potential antidiabetic agent against alloxaninduced diabetic rats.