The CI team may benefit from assessment of various aspects of parental involvement at home for counselling and outcome prediction. As a result, the current study's aimed to create and deploy a novel questionnaire to measure parental involvement in the rehabilitation of children with cochlear implants (CI). In the current study, 100 parents (Mothers) of children who underwent CI between 2010 and 2020 took part. Based on Des Jardin's Scale of Parental Involvement (DesJardin in Volta Rev 103:391–409, 2003), a questionnaire to measure parental involvement in the rehabilitation of children with cochlear implants was created. The questionarie comprises of 41 questions divided into four categories: participation in the rehabilitation, family and emotional support, device maintenance and followup, and involvement in school. On a three-point rating system, responses were recorded. 100 parents of children with CI were given the questionnaire to complete. The sums of the scores for each domain were determined. The findings showed that more than 80% of parents were able to regularly bring their children to therapy. Some of these parents (13%) stated that their children were unable to wear the speech processor because the spare parts were damaged, and they required more time to purchase replacements since they were unable to afford them. Only 58 percent of parents were able to support their CI child and siblings financially. Parents' worries about their children' academic achievement accounted for 35% of all parent concerns. Although the majority of parents said they were happy with their child's post-implantation growth, additional issues such problems getting financial support, trouble getting to a therapy centre for habitation, and the children' failure to learn via tele-mode were emphasised.

Present study aimed to develop a questionnaire related to the self-efficacy for the rehabilitation of children using Cochlear Implantation (CI) and to administer the questionnaire on parents of children with cochlear implantation. 100 parents of children with Cochlear Implantation between the years 2010- 2020 were selected randomly to be participants for the present study.A questionnaire on Self- Efficacy was developed. Questionnaire consists of 17 questions related to self-efficacy of therapy and Goal related Strategies, Listening, language and Speech Development and also Parental Involvement in rehabilitation, family and emotional support, device maintenance and follow up, At school engagement. Responses were recorded on three-point rating scale as (2= Yes, 1=sometimes,No=1). In addition, there were 3 open ended questions. This questionnaire was administered on 100 parents of children with CI. Total scores under each domain were calculated. Responses of open-ended question were listed. It was found that majority (more than 90%) of parents were aware of the therapy goals given to their children and also able to join the therapy session. Most (more than 90%)of the parents reported an improvement in the child’s auditory skills post rehabilitation. 80% of parents were able to bring their children for therapy consistently, other parents felt the distance and financial affordability was a main barrier to bring the child consistently for therapy. 27 parents have reported a regression in the child due to the Covid lockdown. Though most of the parents reported to be satisfied with their child’s progress post rehabilitation, other concerns such as inability to spend adequate time and inability for the children to learn via tele-mode were highlighted. These concerns should be carefully considered while providing rehabilitation for the child with CI.

Background and Objectives: Mismatch negativity (MMN) is an objective test for assessing auditory function. The central auditory nervous system processes different stimuli in various ways. This can be assessed using MMN elicited with different stimuli in an "oddball" paradigm. This study evaluated temporal ordering skills using MMN with different durations of stimuli. This study aimed to determine the correlation between the results of the behavioral duration pattern test (DPT) with MMN in typically developing children versus children with dyslexia and auditory processing disorder (APD). Subjects and Methods: Two groups of children participated in the study. The experimental group included 16 children with APD and dyslexia who had scored below the age-matched scores in the DPT. The control group consisted of 16 typically developing children with age-matched scores in the DPT. MMN was elicited using the same stimuli (250 ms and 500 ms) as that of the DPT in both groups. MMN latency, MMN amplitude, and area under the curve were measured in both groups. Results: Compared to the control group, children with APD and dyslexia showed increased MMN latency, reduced amplitude, and decreased area under the curve. There was a low correlation (r= -0.293, p<0.05) between MMN latency and DPT scores. The correlation between MMN amplitude and DPT scores was moderate (0.472, p<0.001). Furthermore, a strong correlation (0.536, p<0.001) between area under the curve and DPT scores was demonstrated. Conclusions: MMN amplitude and MMN area under the curve could serve as valid indicators during assessment of temporal ordering in children with APD and dyslexia.

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