The solubility of vanillic acid in eight pure solvents, including ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, acetone, methyl acetate, water, and binary mixtures of water + ethanol have been measured at (293.15 to 323.15) K and atmospheric pressure by using a gravimetric method. The experimental solubility in the pure solvents was correlated by the modified Apelblat equation, van't Hoff equation, λh equation, nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) equation, universal quasichemical (UNIQUAC) equation, and Wilson equation. The solubility in the binary mixed solvents was correlated by the modified Apelblat equation and the Jouyban−Acree equation. The correlated values based on all the selected equations showed good agreement with the experimental values, and the correlated data of the modified Apelblat equation show the best agreement with the experimental data.

No abstract

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs)

No abstract

The solubility of 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid in ten commonly used solvents and binary mixtures under atmospheric pressure was determined with a gravimetric method as temperature varied from 293.15 to 333.15 K. Methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, acetone, acetic acid, methyl acetate, and ethyl acetate were used as pure solvents for 3,2-HNA, and ethanol plus n-propanol were selected as binary mixed solvents. What can be concluded is that the solubility of 3,2-HNA in all kinds of solvents increases as temperature increases. In addition, empirical equations, containing the modified Apelblat equation and λh equation, and activity coefficient models, such as the non-random two liquid (NRTL) model and the universal quasi-chemical (UNIQUAC) model, were chosen for correlation with the solubility data. The correlation results agreed with the measured data very well. Therefore, the measured results and thermodynamic study of 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid will provide help for its practical industrial production.