Due to the dynamic environment, banks are always striving to achieve a competitive advantage. In this sense, they have identified different strategies for diversification in order to survive. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of bank diversification on financial distress of commercial banks listed in the Nairobi Securities Exchange. The specific objective of the study was to determine the effect of geographical and asset base diversification on the financial distress of the listed commercial banks in the NSE. The theories that guided this study included market power theory, resource dependency theory and resource based view theory. Exploratory research design was used. The research targeted ten listed commercial banks in the NSE. This study used panel data of a ten years period (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) from the audited and published financial statements of commercial banks. Descriptive and inferential statistics was employed for data analysis. This study established that geographical diversification was positively and significantly correlated with financial distress (=0.0065; p<0.05). The finding also showed that assets base diversification was positively and significantly correlated with financial distress (=0.0079; p<0.05). This study will contribute new dimensions and perspectives to generate policy solutions to the management and the banking industry stakeholders. The new empirical evidence will form the basis for further studies with the aim of addressing financial distress through diversification. The study recommends that banks should adopt a moderate geographical strategy of diversification to enhance financial health of the banks.

Purpose- This study aims to provide an analytical framework that focuses on environmental knowledge as a mechanism through which social influence enhances pro-environmental behavior among university students. Design/Methodology- The research employed quantitative strategy, cross-sectional survey design, and systematic random sampling techniques to obtain data from a sample of 335 university students using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The study hypotheses were tested using Hayes Process Macro vs. 3.5 (Model 4). Findings- Results indicate that social influence strongly impacts students’ environmental knowledge, and both variables significantly predict pro-environmental behavior. Environmental knowledge was discovered to be the strongest predictor of pro-environmental behavior among students. Finally, results show that environmental knowledge mediates the relationship between social influence and pro-environmental behavior, revealing a complimentary mediation model superior to the direct effect model. Originality- These findings reveal that social influence and students’ environmental knowledge have a strong influence in cultivating students’ pro-environmental behavior. Furthermore, the complementary mediation model, which shows superior results than the direct effect model, contributes to the body of knowledge and offers new insights into theory and practice. Practical Implications- Environmental sustainability may be positioned as a social trend by government and business agencies, such as a promotional campaign, workshops, and training to demonstrate and raise awareness about environmental issues.