Introduction
The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (
COVID
‐19) has caused significant worldwide disruption. Although Australia and New Zealand have not been affected as much as some other countries, resuscitation may still pose a risk to health care workers and necessitates a change to our traditional approach. This consensus statement for adult cardiac arrest in the setting of
COVID
‐19 has been produced by the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (
ACEM
) and aligns with national and international recommendations.
Main recommendations
In a setting of low community transmission, most cardiac arrests are not due to
COVID
‐19.
Early defibrillation saves lives and is not considered an aerosol generating procedure.
Compression‐only cardiopulmonary resuscitation is thought to be a low risk procedure and can be safely initiated with the patient's mouth and nose covered.
All other resuscitative procedures are considered aerosol generating and require the use of airborne personal protective equipment (
PPE
).
It is important to balance the appropriateness of resuscitation against the risk of infection.
Methods to reduce nosocomial transmission of
COVID
‐19 include a physical barrier such as a towel or mask over the patient's mouth and nose, appropriate use of
PPE
, minimising the staff involved in resuscitation, and use of mechanical chest compression devices when available.
If
COVID
‐19 significantly affects hospital resource availability, the ethics of resource allocation must be considered.
Changes in management
The changes outlined in this document require a significant adaptation for many doctors, nurses and paramedics. It is critically important that all health care workers have regular
PPE
and advanced life support training, are able to access in situ simulation sessions, and receive extensive debriefing after actual resuscitations. This will ensure safe, timely and effective management of the patients with cardiac arrest in the
COVID
‐19 era.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.