Авторське резюмеРозглянуто досвід посткомуністичної трансформації у Республіці Болгарія з точки зору прояву закономірностей та особливостей цього процесу. Проаналізовано специфіку Болгарії, місце держави в Європі, особливості посткомуністичних перетворень, зовнішній вплив та внутрішні фактори європеїзації. Політичний розвиток Болгарії після 1989 року характеризується як «революційно-модернізаційний». Наголошено, що часті зміни урядів уповільнювали хід структурних реформ. Відзначено проблеми соціально-економічного розвитку, ідентифікації, досягнення національного компромісу з основних напрямів реформ. Відмічено динаміку зміни поглядів та пріоритетів. Наголошено на ключовій ролі модернізації публічної адміністрації та простежено етапи й особливості цього процесу в Болгарії. Виділено підготовку до вступу до Європейського Союзу як суттєвий фактор мобілізації зусиль болгарських реформаторів. Відзначено необхідність продовження реформ з метою досягнення задекларованих під час вступу до ЄС цілей.
An archetype analysis of the problems of public-private partnership (PPP) functioning and its role in ensuring sustainable development has been carried out. The necessity of taking into account transformational changes which resulted not only in changing the political system and forms of ownership and the transition to democracy and market economy, but also combined with the change in the mentality of the population, was emphasized. There is a need to rethink the role of the state in public relations. The partnership is considered, on the one hand, as a goal and a task of sustainable development, which demonstrates a change in the paradigm of solving problems from individualized to unified, network, and on the other hand, as a factor of its providing. The significant role of PPP in ensuring sustainable development has been proved. The dependence of the level of development of PPP on the development of state and civil society, the level of awareness of public and private partners of their social responsibility is indicated. It is noted that the concept of "public-private partnership" is broader and more consistent with the tasks of stimulating sustainable development than "state-private partnership". It is concluded that national mentality, social and cultural norms in the country can significantly influence the perception of the idea of the PPP, and therefore these projects should be adapted to the local context. The barriers for implementation of PPP are analyzed, among which the following are highlighted: imperfection of administrative processes, insufficient legal and regulatory framework with frequent changes in the legislation and regulations, concentration of attention on procedural issues with underestimation of the innovative and investment potential of the PPP, and in particular, its role in the formation of new public relations and civil society. An archetypal analysis has allowed substantiating the need for increased participation of the third sector in the processes, ensuring their openness and transparency. It is about overcoming "collectively unconscious" in favor of conscious collective action in support of sustainable development.
Метою статті є аналіз та узагальнення особливостей теоретичних та практичних аспектів болгарського досвіду децентралізації публічної адміністрації. Проаналізовано особливості визначення вузлових понять, ступінь та напрями теоретичного висвітлення проблематики у працях болгарських учених. На основі аналізу нормативно-правових актів з питання децентралізації та наукових досліджень розкрито особливість децентралізації публічної адміністрації в Болгарії, виокремлено досягнення та існуючі проблеми, показано шляхи їх вирішення.
The article deals with the system of public investment projects management existing in Ukraine. The authors state its actual tasks concerning realization of EU-Ukraine Association Agreement. An estimation of quantitative parameters of public investment in terms of promotion of economic growth is carried out and its forms are determined. This made it possible to conclude on unwarranted plurality of the public investment projects' organizational forms in Ukraine which led to weak transparency and accountability in their realization. The article highlights the formation of the institutional framework for public management of public investment projectsthe legal base, responsible authority, methodological recommendations, and the creation of projects' pipeline. The authors analyze the activity of the recently set up Interdepartmental Commission on State Investment Projects. The weaknesses of public investment management in Ukraine are identified: imperfect procedure for initiating, appraisal and selecting public projects; lack of a single information system; insufficient control over the implementation of investment projects; lack of guarantees of their sufficient financing. The possibilities of the improvement of public investment management are considered in the light of the European integration orientation of the state development. Among them there are: setting of the adequate fiscal rules, clear definition of the PIP priorities, increasing the share of government investments that are managed as projects, setting of clear criteria and introducing of independent expertise of PIP' selection, strengthening institutional capacity of government agencies etc.
development of the system of free legal aid and increasing its role in ensuring human rights in Ukraine.
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