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The bivalve species Cerastoderma glaucum (Poiret, 1789) was studied in this study. This species is allochthonous and belongs to the Mediterranean zoogeographic complex and was introduced in the Holocene. The C. glaucum is the dominant species among the bivalves in the Sea of Azov and has a wide range of distribution. The species is distributed in the coastal zone within 100-300 m from the shore, and it is also found in desalinated water bodies such as estuaries. The C. glaucum is fairly resistant to hypoxia. It is euryhaline with respect to salinity and eurybiontic with respect to soil. The species can settle on sandy, muddy or sandy-silty substrate. The aim of the study was to investigate the morphology of shells of this species in order to find out the reasons of morphological features change of Cerastoderma glaucum in different biotopes of the Sea of Azov. The study was conducted in early June 2021 on the northwestern coast of the Azov Sea. A total of 20 stations were investigated. Cerastoderma glaucum was found at all stations. The morphological variability of the bivalve Cerastoderma glaucum was investigated using the method of discriminant analysis. A notable morphological feature was the external alteration of the mollusc shell. A displacement of the apex to the anterior edge of the shell, lengthening of the posterior edge, and deformation of the shell shape, indicating the ecological characteristics of the study area and its inhabitants. Also, there is a difference in the ratio of shell height to shell length, indicating an increased level of siltation in the ground. Shell thickness varies in all survey areas, indicating different levels of salinity. The overall abundance of molluscs from the different biotopes indicates the factors determining the shape of cockle shells. In turn, morphological parameters indicate the general condition of the Sea of Azov. So, it can be assumed that siltation of the substrate on which benthic communities are located has increased as a consequence of massive deposition of phytoorganic residues. In addition, the hydrolytic regime has changed as a result of anthropogenic factors. As a consequence, salinity, oxygen levels are changing, etc.

The article discusses some of the features of teaching translation in regional higher educational institutions. The factors influencing the organization of the learning process are considered, and the possibilities of using modern approaches in the preparation of professional translators are analyzed. Today, life itself dictates the need to create a new system of personal and professional development of modern specialists in the field of intercultural communication. The following factors can be identified as the main ones affecting the efficiency and success of the educational process: geographical, social and economic and educational. Geographic refers to the growing number of universities that train translators not in the capital but in regional higher educational institutions. Higher educational institutions, which yesterday were technical, economic and even agricultural have recently received the status of universities and today are actively engaged in the training of future translators. Under the socio-economic component, the problem of the material and technical base of the university and the provision of such faculties and departments with qualified specialists is considered. Educational factor means the level of foreign language proficiency and it should be mentioned that it is not enough profound for translation activity. The training of translators is based on the position that training in translation and interpretation should be carried out by different methods. It is necessary to provide practice in this activity to each student Practice shows that significant difficulties in teaching translation arise due to a lack of understanding of the textual nature of the translation process, due to the inability to isolate nationally specific features, and also due to insufficient knowledge of the algorithm of translation actions. Therefore, from the very beginning, the training of future translators should be aimed at the formation of professional translation competence. The inclusion of the educational process in real life, allows the teacher to demonstrate clearly what the knowledge and training in the classroom turned out to be successful and useful, and what needs correction and improvement for successful work.

The article deals with the problem of teaching students (for whom foreign language is not a specialty) an oral foreign language professional communication. A number of scholars’ woks, including methodologists and linguists devoted to this topic were analyzed. Numerous studies are dedicated to the problem of teaching oral speech in a nonlinguistic university but most of them are often concern only with the initial stage of education. Less attention is given to the problem of teaching senior students professionally oriented oral communication. Professionally oriented teaching refers to training based on the needs of students in teaching a foreign language dictated by the characteristics of the future profession or specialty. It involves the combination of mastering a professionally oriented foreign language with the development of the personal qualities of students as well as with the acquisition of special skills based on professional and linguistic knowledge. It is necessary to highlight the communicative intentions of business communication among other communicative intentions. A typical example of the natural conditions of communication in the specialty is the defense of master's projects. Oral speech during the defense of master's projects is a conversation, a special type of dialogue between the master and the examiner, which is based on the examiner's questions and the master's answers. This type of communication is typical for other situations of communication between specialists. As a result of the study, we came to the conclusion that the basis of the linguistic material in the specialty can be some complexes of information on certain topics composed of texts of different types of technical literature and presented not only in the form of printed sources but also audiovisual materials. The topics of oral speech, the choice of speech means to a large extent will be determined by the range of so-called selected problem questions-tasks. Training specialists in a non-linguistic university is carried out within a limited time as well as on a rather limited material therefore mastering spontaneous speech is quite problematic.

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