Non motor symptoms (NMS) of Parkinson's disease (PD) lead to morbidity, impaired quality of life and frequent hospitalization. NMS are under-recognized and under-reported. NMSQuest is a validated screening tool adopted to identify these symptoms in patients with PD. We conducted a descriptive cross sectional study during March 2012 -September 2012 in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka to describe the non-motor symptoms of PD and to determine the percentage of NMS that remain undeclared to the healthcare professionals. 103 patients, age 64.55 (SD 9.62, range 43-86) years, 58 (56.3%) males and 45 (43.7%) females completed the study. Mean duration of illness was 3.16 yrs. 98.1% of patients had at least one NMS. The mean total NMSQ-T was 9.08 +/-5.087(SD). Memory loss was the commonest NMS. NMSQ-T increased with the severity of PD (p<0.001) but no association was found between NMSQ-T and age, sex or duration of illness. Loss of weight, difficulty in swallowing and falls were significantly commoner among males than females. (p <0.05) A significant proportion of NMS (Mean 76.1 +/-17.7, range 36.7% to 100%) were undeclared to the health care personnel. Incomplete bowel evacuation, sweating, diplopia and anxiety were the least declared symptoms. In conclusion, NMS are present in the majority of patients with PD increasing with the severity of disease. A significant proportion of NMS are undeclared to the healthcare personnel highlighting the importance of using screening tools to identify these symptoms during health visits.
The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are not specific to one industry; they help every industry achieve a sustainable future. This study aims to investigate the contribution of Sri Lankan tea plantation companies towards the SDGs and how tea plantation companies enhance a sustainable future for their organizations. The qualitative research approach is employed under an exploratory research design. A purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from ten factory managers using a semi-structured interview protocol. And thematic analysis is employed to analyze the data. The findings revealed that SDGs provide a universal and visionary framework for contributing to economic, social, and environmental factors and lead to achieving a sustainable future for tea plantation companies. The SDGs are relevant to tea plantation companies because those SDGs assign different weights to business practices. Goals such as no poverty, good health and wellbeing, zero hunger, gender equality, sustainable cities and communities, quality education, peace and justice, and strong institutions are important in the social dimensions. And also, affordable and clean energy, climate action, responsible consumption and production, life below water, life on land, clean water and sanitation are important SDGs in the environmental model. And decent work and economic growth, industry/innovation and infrastructure, reduced inequality, and partnerships are the SDGs for the economy. Further, the majority of the SDGs contribute to enhancing society and the environment. Intriguingly, it was revealed that the willingness of the shareholders to implement socially-oriented projects is a major problem in the tea plantation sector. There is a scarcity of literature grades in SDGs in tea plantation companies in the agriculture sector. As a result, this research has delved deeper into tea plantation companies in the agricultural industry.
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