The world today is dealing with a havoc crisis due to the pervasive outbreak of COVID-19. As a preventive measure against the pandemic, government authorities worldwide have implemented and adopted strict policy interventions such as lockdown, social distancing, and quarantine to curtail the disease transmission. Consequently, humans have been experiencing several ill impacts, while the natural environment has been reaping the benefits of the interventions. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the interlinked relationship between human society and the natural environment amid the current crisis. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis of existing literature reporting the various impacts of COVID-19 on human society and the natural environment. A conceptual model was developed to portray and address how the interaction of the existing elements of both sub-components of the coupled human-environment system (CHES) – human society and natural environment – are impacted by the government interventions. Results revealed a suite of positive and negative impacts of COVID-19 on both the sub-components. Our model provides an explicit impression of the complex nexus of CHES amid the current crisis. The proposed conceptual model could help in understanding the complex nexus by identifying the route of short-term impacts of COVID-19 measures and thus may aid in identifying priority areas for discussion and planning in similar crises as well.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Background: The goal of cataract surgery today is not only to restore visual acuity but also to provide the best quality of vision possible. With modern techniques and advancements in the manufacture of Intra Ocular Lenses (IOLs), improvement in patients' visual performance and quality of life has become the main goals after cataract surgery. Method: 70 eyes of 70 patients (35 aspheric IOL and 35 spherical IOL) between the age group of 45-73 years with BCVA of 6/6 at postoperative period of 3 months were enrolled in the study. HD-Analyzer was used to measure the optical quality, FACT for checking the contrast sensitivity and i-Trace for measuring the spherical aberration. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. For each case Pro Forma sheet including patient's demographic data, best corrected visual acuity and type of IOL implanted were maintained. Results: There was significant better contrast sensitivity, optical quality and less of spherical aberration in patient who were implanted with aspheric IOL than compare to the patients implanted with spherical IOL. Conclusion: After the postoperative period of 3 months, patient with aspheric IOL were found to have good optical quality, contrast sensitivity and reduced spherical aberration than those of spherical IOL group.