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The features of the application and justification of the orbital groupings of remote sensing of the Earth, consisting of clusters of small spacecraft, are considered. A review and analysis of the ballistic justification, construction and features of the use of orbital groups of remote sensing of the Earth is carried out. Modern approaches to the ballistic design of periodic review orbital groupings are considered. The article considers a new integrated approach to the ballistic construction of promising cluster orbital groupings, which will allow providing the spatio-temporal and accuracy characteristics required by the consumer, due to the optimal multi-level ballistic structure. The fundamental principles of constructing a cluster orbital grouping with a multi-level ballistic structure are formulated. The stages of the formation of a multi-level ballistic structure are considered in detail, from the standpoint of a systematic approach. A mathematical formulation of the problem and a hierarchy of performance indicators are proposed. For a meaningful description of the simulated system, a conceptual model for substantiating multi-level ballistic structures of a cluster orbital grouping of remote sensing of the Earth under the influence of the external environment has been developed. The model shows the interrelationships of the main elements of the substantiation of the ballistic structure of the cluster orbital grouping of remote sensing of the Earth and the sequence of formation of particular problems. The results of modeling both the ballistic structure of the cluster and the ballistic structure of the Earth remote sensing orbital grouping, which provides a set of tactical and technical, spatio-temporal and structurally stable consumer requirements, are presented. The effect of the application of the developed conceptual model will be the optimal strategy for the use of cluster orbital groupings of remote sensing of the Earth, which will provide the required value of its effectiveness under the influence of the external environment.

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