There have been prior investigations concerning the environmental effects and especially soil conditions upon the proximate analysis and mineral content of grains. However, the studies are not complete and have not involved beans grown in the northwestern regions of Argentina. For this reason, this study was initiated to determine the concentration of protein, moisture, ash, fat, and minerals of various bean samples grown in northwestern Argentina. Six varieties of beans were taken from seven different regions. AOAC standard methods were used for chemical analysis. The elements analyzed for all bean samples show that moisture varies from 12 to 14%, proteins from 18 to 22%, fat from 0.7 to 1.20%, copper from 0.8 to 1.20 mg/100 g, iron from 9 to 18 mg/100 g, zinc from 2.5 to 4 mg/100 g, and phosphorus from 295 to 542 mg/100 g. No arsenic was detected in the bean samples. Different analyzed bean varieties were significantly different for proximate composition and mineral content, and each variety from different regions of northwestern Argentina present significant differences.

Objective: To assess the nutritional status of the Andean population of Puna and Quebrada of Humahuaca, Jujuy, using anthropometric measurements. Design and subjects: A cross-sectional nutritional survey was carried out in a representative sample (n 5 1236) of individuals from these regions. Children aged 2-9 years, adolescents (10-17 years) and adults ($18 years; pregnant and lactating women excluded) were considered. Height-for-age, weight-for-height and body mass index (BMI) were calculated in children and adolescents and compared with World Health Organization/National Center for Health Statistics/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reference standards using Z-scores or percentiles, in order to assess the prevalence of stunting, wasting/thinness and excess weight. In adults, BMI, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip (WHR) ratio were used to identify obesity and central adiposity.Results: Stunting (height-for-age Z-score ,-2 standard deviations) and obesity (BMI $ 95th percentile) were found to be major nutritional problems in children and adolescents. Stunting was prevalent in 10.7% of children and 12.4% of adolescents; 8.2% of children and 3.5% of adolescents were obese. Adults were short (mean: 155.8 cm) and values of overweight (32.3%), obesity (18.3%) and central adiposity (mean WC: 86.5 cm) were high. Older adults and those with higher economic development showed higher prevalence of obesity and central adiposity.Conclusions: The present population may be at the early stages of nutritional transition as symptoms of undernutrition and overnutrition coexist at the population level. These results suggest that rates of growth retardation may be decreasing owing to improved nutritional conditions; however, this could be accompanied by a sharp increase in the prevalence of other diet-related chronic diseases.

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The aim of this work was to improve sweet bread (R1) nutritionally by partially replacing the wheat flour with other non-traditional flours through linear programming. Chemical Score, lipid profile, microbiological quality and acceptability were determined. Both recipes, R2 and R3, were formulated according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans; and R3 according to the maximum amounts of flours that impart negative sensory attributes, as well. The resulting proportions were: wheat/broad bean/chia/ amaranth flours 64/22/13/0 (R2) and 83/2/4/11 (R3). The obtained products presented adequate contributions of proteins and lipids, while fiber increased significantly. The Chemical Score increased from 46% (R1) to 95% (R2) and to 91% (R3) respectively, and the fatty acids ratio ω3: ω6 improved. R2 was not sensorially accepted while R3 presented high acceptability in adults and school-aged children. Recipe R3 could be included in school menus to improve children's nutritional status.

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la respuesta productiva y los parámetros relativos a las características y calidad de canales de llamas (Lama glama) en pastoreo sobre pastizales naturales, suplementados con concentrado de granos. Se realizaron dos ensayos de engorde con 18 llamas machos enteros en cada uno. En el primero, se utilizó una suplementación del 1.5 % (S1.5 %) y en el segundo del 2 % (S2 %), del peso vivo promedio del grupo en base seca. Se consideró como tratamiento control (T) al grupo de animales que no recibió suplementación y se le asignó únicamente al pastoreo directo de los lotes, que estuvieron conformados por pastizales naturales. El suplemento estuvo constituido por grano de maíz molido (80 %) y expeller de soja (20 %). El mismo se ofreció en una entrega diaria en forma grupal, por la mañana. Se utilizó un diseño experimental en bloques completos aleatorizados. El primer ensayo tuvo una duración de 34 días, el segundo de 60 días, con 10 días previos de acostumbramiento. En ambos ensayos, los parámetros asociados a la respuesta productiva (peso final, peso final desbastado, ganancia diaria de peso vivo, nota de condición corporal) mostraron diferencias estadísticas significativas al comparar la dieta con el tratamiento suplementado respecto a la dieta control en pastoreo (p < 0.05). En cuanto a los parámetros relativos a las características y calidad de canales se observaron diferencias estadísticas significativas al comparar la dieta con el tratamiento suplementado respecto a la dieta control en pastoreo (p < 0.05) para peso de la canal oreada, rendimiento de la canal fría eíndice de compacidad de la canal. En el caso de espesor de grasa dorsal, cobertura renal, contenidos de grasa extraídos y pesados en las zonas de palpación se observaron diferencias significativas con una suplementación al 2 %. Los resultados encontrados indicarían que las llamasengordadas con pastura natural y suplementadas con concentrados de granos mejoran los parámetros productivos y los parámetros relativos a características y calidad de canales.