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 Distinct time-scales of discharge and SSC are identified and related qualitatively to seasonal, annual, and short (1.1-5 year) and long-term (5.5-20 year) variability  Similar dominant time-scales of variability for discharge and SSC are identified in the Upper Changjiang for a 50-years study period  Bi-modal seasonal climatic pattern influence short-term time-scales whereas high magnitude flow events control intra-annual time-scales Accepted ArticleThis article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as

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The systematic development of subject-specific computer models for the analysis of personalized treatments is currently a reality. In fact, many advances have recently been developed for creating virtual finite element-based models. These models accurately recreate subject-specific geometries and material properties from recent techniques based on quantitative image analysis. However, to determine the subject-specific forces, we need a full gait analysis, typically in combination with an inverse dynamics simulation study. In this work, we aim to determine the subject-specific forces from the computer tomography images used to evaluate bone density. In fact, we propose a methodology that combines these images with bone remodelling simulations and artificial neural networks. To test the capability of this novel technique, we quantify the personalized forces for five subject-specific tibias using our technique and a gait analysis. We compare both results, finding that similar vertical loads are estimated by both methods and that the dominant part of the load can be reliably computed. Therefore, we can conclude that the numerical-based technique proposed in this work has great potential for estimating the main forces that define the mechanical behaviour of subject-specific bone.