Media Gateway Control Protocol Architecture and Requirements Status of this Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
Status of this Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and GynecologyPoster abstracts mode was advantageous in one of the six cases of facial cleft by allowing the simultaneous display of bilateral clefts which were located in two different axial planes. The OBV TM mode allowed examination of the coronal plane across the curvature of the spine, and the 'in plane' view of the inter-ventricular septum. Objective: Reflex redistribution of cardiac output caused by fetal hypoxia increases blood flow to fetal brain, heart but decreases fetal renal blood flow, resulting in decreased urine production and ultimately, oligohydramnios. Because of difficulty in measuring actual amniotic fluid volume, direct measurement of fetal urine production may be another option to evaluate amniotic fluid volume and to predict fetal hypoxia. Although there are some reports about fetal urine production, most of them used 2D ultrasound to measure bladder volume. It is well known that 3D US is superior to 2D US especially in volume measurement. We undertook this study to measure bladder volume with 3D US and establish normogram of hourly fetal urine production rate (HFUPR) according to gestational age (GA). Methods:We enrolled 173 women with a normal singleton pregnancy at 24 to 40 weeks gestation. They had no medical or obstetric complications affecting amniotic fluid volume. Fetal bladder volume was measured using a rotational method of VOCAL (Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis) with 3D US. HFUPR was calculated from serial measurement of bladder volume, and plotted against gestational age. Results:1) HFUPR can be calculated from GA. ln(HFUPR) = −6.5563 + 0.4622 Objective: To demonstrate the feasibility of using a file transport protocol (FTP) for remote consultation involving 3D-4D images. Methodology: 3D-4D ultrasonography acquires a volume of 2D slices which is then stored. Depending on the acquisition method and image processing algorithms the resulting 3D-4D volume represents a very large dataset. By navigating the saved volume and creating arbitrary planes the operator can obtain suitable views for potential diagnosis and measurements. In the emerging field of 3D-4D ultrasound there is a frequent need for remote interpretation of the 3D-4D datasets. DICOM ''push'' from the ultrasound machine via the Internet to the recipients' computer is theoretically the preferred route but it is limited by firewall constraints maintained in most of the health care facilities. Emailing the dataset is not practical due to size limitations. Currently it is common practice to send stored datasets via overland mail on CDs or DVDs to the consulting physician. This method necessitates a delay of several days. We are using a file transfer protocol (FTP) to upload/download images to/from a web server in order to empower the consulting physician with rapid access to the information. FTP is a standard for transferring encrypted files from one computer to another via Internet. Results:The Aim: Assessment of the quality of a video image is an extremely subjective p...
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