There was determined an effect of feeding two feed additives made from primary processing wastes of marine hydrobionts on the mineral metabolism state of broiler chickens. Mineral feed additives were derived from mussels' shells and seawater, protein-mineral feed additives were made from the shells of large mussels and bodies of small ones, Phyllophora nervosa algae, and seawater. Birds of the control group got only the basic diet. Chickens from experimental groups of 20 to 42 days old were fed with feed additives in addition to the basic diet. Chickens of groups I and II obtained mineral feed additive, groups III and IV -protein-mineral feed additive. Compared to the control group, chickens of the groups I and III received 93% of the basic diet and 7% of the mineral feed additive and protein-mineral feed additive, respectively; groups II and IV received in addition to the 100% of the basic diet, 7% of the mineral feed additive and proteinmineral feed additive. The growth rate was determined by the individual weighing of the bird at the age of 20 and 42 days old. Total calcium and inorganic phosphorus blood serum content was determined using a GBG ChemWell 2910 automatic biochemical analyzer and Global Scientific test systems. It was found that feeding broiler chickens with protein-mineral feed additive contributed to the bodyweight increase of broiler chickens. The use of mineral feed additives did not affect the chickens' growth rate. When using feed additives, the calcium content did not significantly differ from the control group birds except for the group I, where it was 9.0% higher (p ≤ 0.01). The content of phosphorus in the blood serum of broiler chickens from experimental groups was significantly higher: in chickens of the groups I, II, III and IV, respectively, by 34.4; 26.2; 38.5 and 23.0% compared to the control. With the higher phosphorus content, the calcium to phosphorus ratio in the blood serum of the experimental chickens was significantly lower: group I -23.0%, group II -13.0%, group III -24.0%, and group IV -20.0%. Due to the increased phosphorus levels and almost unchanged calcium level, alkaline phosphatase activity was less. Compared to the control group, in broilers of groups I, II, III, and IV, the level of this enzyme was significantly lower by 53.5; 28.2; 44.6 and 57.8%. The blood glucose level of all experimental groups' chickens was slightly lower than normal, did not significantly differ from the control. The dependences of calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase activity in the chickens' blood serum on the method of feeding or the type of feed additive have not been established.

The aim of the study was to investigate the possible use of mussels and algae wastes processed into high quality and safe food additives for the poultry. Black sea mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck) and algae (phyllophora) were used as a waste product. The samples were taken from the households where mussels were initially processed at an agar plant. Waste samples and derived additives were tested for bacterial load, quality and chemical composition. In addition, proteinmineral and mineral additive were produced from waste products. Their possible uses in poultry meat production were investigated. It was found that contamination with mesophilic bacteria and facultative anaerobic organisms fluctuates within current requirements. Sometimes even substantially exceeds them depending on waste storage conditions. The contamination with E. coli, Salmonella, and other pathogenic microorganisms is also observed within existing requirements or exceeding them. Chemical analysis reveal that intact mussels consist of average 80% wet matter and 20% dry matter, 9.4% protein, 1.2 % fat, 4.8 % nitrogen free extractive substances, 0.18% ash, 24.5 g/kg calcium, 1.0 g/kg phosphorus, 0.18 g/kg potassium. On the other hand, mussel valves consist of % 12 wet matters and % 88 dry matters, 37.2g/kg calcium, 0.2 g/kg phosphorus, 0.1 g/kg potassium. Use of additives in poultry production positively affects development and slaughter-out percentage and does not reduce the quality and biological value of their meat. As a conclusion it can be said that non-waste product from processed mussels represent a kind of raw material which can be used as food additive in animal industry after being technologically processed.

Ветеринарна медицина, якість і безпека продукції тваринництва Данкевич Н.І.

No abstract

The purpose of the work was to determine the content of Calcium and Phosphorus in bone tissue, as well as the tibia strength index of broiler chickens under using two feed additives made from the waste of primary processing of marine hydrobionts in the diet. The experiment was carried out on "Ross 308" cross broilers, which were divided into 5 groups: 1 control and 4 experimental. Each additive was fed in two ways: by replacing 7% of the diet weight and adding 7% to it.Chickens of the control group were fed only the basic diet (BD), balanced by basic nutrients. Chickens of experimental groups from 20 to 42 days old were additionally fed the feed additives. Chickens D-1 and D-2 groups consumed a mineral feed additive (MFA), D-3 and D-4 groups received a protein-mineral feed additive (PMFA). Moreover, broilers of D-1 and D-3 groups by feed weight received 93% of BD and 7% of MFA and PMFA respectively, D-2 and D-4 groups in addition to BD (100%) received 7% respectively of MFA and PMFA.MFA is milled leaves of the Black Sea Mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and seawater. PMFA contained milled leaves of large and the body of small mussels, waste from the primary processing of red algae Phyllophora nervosa and seawater.As a material for research was considered the chickens' tibia of of 42 days old. The concentration of total Calcium and inorganic Phosphorus was determined in the middle part of the tibia using a UV mini-1240 SHIMADZU spectrophotometer (Japan) and a set of reagents NPP Filisit-Diagnostika (Ukraine). The bone cross-sectional area was determined by scanning prior to testing with processing in the Compass-3D graphics program. The mechanical parameters of the bones were determined on an FM-1000 testing machine under the action of a double-support bend.The use of feed additives contributed to an increase in the content of Calcium and Phosphorus in the bone tissue of broiler chickens and, accordingly, the strength of the tibia. The Phosphorus content increase took place to a greater extent than Calcium, which caused a decrease in the Calcium-Phosphorus ratio. The content of Calcium and Phosphorus in the bone tissue, as well as the strength of the tibia of the chickens increased due to diet enrichment with feed additives, and not its partial replacement.