Diabetes is currently considered a non-infectious epidemic. At the same time the main reason for the development of blindness in developed countries are pathological changes in blood vessels in eye diseases, primarily in diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of the study: analysis of changes in secondary products of lipid peroxidation in experimental diabetic retinopathy and in different ways of its correction. The study was performed on white Wistar rats weighing 180-200 g. According to the tasks, the animals were divided into 7 groups. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy were simulated by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (Sigma, USA) dissolved in 0.1 M citrate buffer with a pH of 4.5. The dose of streptozotocin 55 mg / kg body weight was divided into two injections. The introduction of streptozotocin was preceded by a high-fat diet for 28 days. Corrective agents used in the study: metformin, aflibercept, L-carnitine, bromfenac, L-arginine and citicoline. The results obtained indicate an increase in the activity of lipid peroxidation, starting from the 30th and with subsequent progression to the sixtieth and one hundred and eightieth days of experimental diabetic retinopathy. This is confirmed by the increase in the level of malondialdehyde in the 2nd group, the maximum of which is observed at the third stage. Correction with hypoglycemic agents in the 3rd group had a positive effect, but was not able to reduce the level of secondary products of lipid peroxidation, so it became necessary to use additional agents. The use of aflibercept and a nitric oxide donor in the 4th group to correct the development of diabetic retinopathy significantly inhibited oxidative stress, the maximum of which occurred on the one hundred and eightieth day of the experiment, but did not reach the control values. It was proved that the combined administration of bromfenac and aflibercept in the 5th group significantly reduced the amount of LPO secondary products, but not as significantly as in the 4th group. It was proved that the administration of aflibercept, L-carnitine and bromfenac to animals of the 6th group reduced the content of LPO secondary products already on the 30th day and was prolonged on the 60th and 180th days of the study, but did not reach the control values ​​either. The most effective correction was the combination of metformin, aflibercept, L-arginine and citicoline in rats of the 7th group, as evidenced by the normalization of the level of malondialdehyde on the thirtieth and sixtieth days of the experiment, and on the one hundred and eightieth a decrease in the content of the marker to the control values ​​was recorded.

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The aim of our research is investigating the changes in the level of interleukin 1β in experimental animals, which were simulated diabetic retinopathy and against the background of its correction. The obtained indicate that already on the 30th day of the development of experimental diabetic retinopathy, a significant increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokine level draws attention. Analyzing the data of group No. 3, it was established that the correction of the pathological condition with hypoglycemic agents has a positive effect but requires the involvement of additional means of correction in addition to the normalization of the level of glycemia. The results of the 4th experimental group indicate that the involvement of a nitric oxide donor and aflibercept in the correction of diabetic retinopathy has a positive effect on the reduction of the level of Interleukin 1β, but it does not reach an approximation to the norm. It is observed that the correction of the simulated pathological condition by reducing hyperglycemia, administration of aflibercept and bromfenac (group No. 5) gives positive results, but less pronounced than involvement in the complex correction of L-arginine solution in the study of nitric oxide synthases, in the analysis of the pro-inflammatory cytokine level the results are better. It is also worth noting that this method of correction is not characterized by longevity and on the 180th day there is already a pronounced decrease in its effectiveness. It was found that in rats in which diabetic retinopathy was modeled with subsequent correction of hyperglycemia, administration of aflibercept, L-carnitine and bromfenac (group No. 6), there is a pronounced effectiveness of the proposed method of correction in comparison with the previously considered methods. As for the correction applied in the 7th group, in the first and second stages, the inflammation indicator is more elevated compared to the two previous groups (No. 5 and No. 6), but in the third stage, a marked decrease in the level of the marker was established, which indicates the effectiveness of the correction of the 7th group at more distant stages of the experiment.