The problem of determining the spectral characteristic of a controlled sample under conditions of limited a priori information using regularization methods is considered in the paper. A change in the state of the surface of optical elements significantly increases the light scattering, so it is necessary regularly to take into account the amount of scattered light in the light flux reflected from the surface and the measured and comparative samples. The conversion of the light flux into the electrical signal of the photodetector can also occur non-linearly. This requires the development of such measurement method that considers both the scattered light and various non-linearities of the measuring circuit. It is known that the mathematical model of measurement is described by the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind, its solution under the accepted assumptions is recommended to be sought in the form of a matrix equation using a recurring procedure. With regard to the fact that the estimation of the initial data errors in the equation is associated with certain difficulties, in the case under consideration, it is advisable to determine the regularization parameter based on the method of quasi-optimality. A characteristic disadvantage of the known analytical and experimental methods for determining the hardware function of a spectral device is that they do not take into account its change during operation. Since the actual hardware function of the device usually differs from the Gaussian curve, the use of hardware functions in the form of analytical dependencies does not always give the desired result, and for experimental methods, special equipment with a quasi-monochromatic radiation source is required. An algorithm for restoring the hardware function of a spectral device based on regular methods for solving ill-posed problems is proposed. The estimation of the matrix operator of the hardware function is proposed to be obtained on the basis of explicit least squares estimation algorithms. The expediency of choosing a value of the regularization parameter that minimizes the accepted characteristic of the accuracy of the solution is indicated.

In this research paper, analytical equations of the transient characteristics of a new remote transformer current converter without a compensating capacitor have been obtained when a stepwise, linearly increasing, sinusoidal and sinusoidal with a damped amplitude of effects was applied to their input. It has been shown that the developed current converter can be represented in the structural schemes of monitoring and control systems in the form of a series-connected real ifferentiating link without statism and inertial (aperiodic) link of the first order, and in the case of neglecting active losses in the magnetic circuit and when the converter is operating in idle mode, i.e in the form of ideal differentiating link.It has been established that the transient response of the developed current transducer has an aperiodic character when a surge primary current is fed to its input, and with a relatively very large value of the time constant of the secondary circuit compared to the time constant of the magnetic circuit, transient response approaches transient response of a real differentiating link.

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New designs of remote transformer current converters (RTCC) have been developed in this article. It is shown that an increase in sensitivity is achieved due to the implementation of the magnetic circuit in the form of a multiturn core with a common measuring winding, and the use of three identical RTCC installed to measure currents of all three phases with connected measuring windings according to open triangle circuit expands the functionality of device due to the simultaneous measurement of currents in three phases and unbalanced currents in a three-phase circuit. Generalized mathematical models of new RCTT have been developed taking into account the influence of magnetic fields of currents of neighboring buses for the most general case of their location in space in relation to the buses of a three-phase line. It is shown that for RTCC type TVM-P, in which the parallel rods are made in the form of a multi-turn core with a corresponding measuring winding, in order to reduce the effect on the readings of the current transducer installed to measure the current in phases A, the number of turns of the measuring winding located at a distance from of buses B and C, the multiturn core of the U-shaped magnetic circuit should be selected large in relation to the measuring winding placed on the multiturn core closest to the buses B and C.