Foram realizados dois experimentos para avaliar os efeitos da granulometria do milho das rações, expressa pelo diâmetro geométrico médio (DGM), 0,337; 0,574; 0,680; 0,778; 0,868 e 0,936mm, sobre o desempenho, o metabolismo energético e a morfologia intestinal (número e altura de vilosidades do duodeno) de frangos de corte machos, de 21 aos 42 dias de idade. No 1° experimento, partículas de 0,868 mm proporcionaram às aves maior consumo de ração, maior ganho de peso e melhor conversão alimentar. A altura das vilosidades intestinais não foi influenciada pelo DGM das dietas, mas aumentou com a idade das aves (21, 35 e 42 dias de idade). Não foi observado efeito da granulometria sobre a deposição de gordura abdominal ou sobre as proporções das partes da carcaça. O peso da moela esteve positivamente relacionado com o aumento da granulometria das dietas. No 2° experimento, as aves alimentadas com milho de 0,337 mm apresentaram menor consumo de energia metabolizável e maior excreção de energia bruta. A granulometria não influenciou na retenção de nitrogênio.
An experiment with 400 one-day-old male chicks (Ross) was conducted to evaluate the effects of different Na levels (0.10, 0.22, 0.34 and 0.46%) and different cation/anion balances (Na+K-Cl) (100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 meq/kg) in pre-starter diets on broiler performance. The corn and soybean-based diets had 22% crude protein and 2,900 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and were fed ad libitum. Performance data showed a positive quadratic effect of increasing Na levels on feed and water consumption, weight gain and feed conversion. Na+K-Cl also had a quadratic influence on feed intake and weight gain. None of the effects tested affected the amount of water measured in excreta. Derivatives of obtained regression equations pointed to optimal Na levels of 0.45% for water consumption, 0.40% for feed intake and weight gain and 0.38% for feed conversion. As to the effect of dietary Na+K-Cl balances on performance, regression equation values were 174 meq/kg for feed consumption and 163 meq/kg for weight gain. These results show that both Na level and Na+K-Cl balance interfere on broiler performance
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