Background:Veneer restorations provide a valid conservative alternative to complete coverage as they avoid aggressive dental preparation; thus, maintaining tooth structure. Initially, laminates were placed on the unprepared tooth surface. Although there is as yet no consensus as to whether or not teeth should be prepared for laminate veneers, currently, more conservative preparations have been advocated. Because of their esthetic appeal, biocompatibility and adherence to the physiology of minimal-invasive dentistry, porcelain laminate veneers have now become a restoration of choice. Currently, there is a lack of clinical consensus regarding the type of design preferred for laminates. Widely varying survival rates and methods for its estimation have been reported for porcelain veneers over approximately 2–10 years. Relatively few studies have been reported in the literature that use survival estimates, which allow for valid study comparisons between the types of preparation designs used. No survival analysis has been undertaken for the designs used. The purpose of this article is to attempt to review the survival rates of veneers based on different incisal preparation designs from both clinical and non-clinical studies.Aims and Objectives:The purpose of this study is to review both clinical and non-clinical studies to determine the survival rates of veneers based on different incisal preparation designs. A further objective of the study is to understand which is the most successful design in terms of preparation.Materials and MethodsThis study evaluated the existing literature – survival rates of veneers based on incisal preparation designs. The search strategy involved MEDLINE, BITTORRENT and other databases.Statistical AnalysisData were tabulated. Because of variability in the follow-up period in different studies, the follow-up period was extrapolated to 10 years in common for all of them. Accordingly, the failure rate was then estimated and The weighted mean was computed.ConclusionsThe study found that the window preparation was of the most conservative type. Incisal coverage was better than no incisal coverage and, in incisal coverage, two predictable designs – incisal overlap and butt were reported. In butt preparation, no long-term follow-up studies have been performed as yet. In general, incisal overlap was preferred for healthy normal tooth with sufficient thickness and incisal butt preparation was preferred for worn tooth and fractured teeth.

The results of this research show that the 980 nm diode laser can eliminate bacteria that has immigrated into dentin, thus being able to increase the success rate in endodontic therapy.

The aim of this clinical trial was to compare tooth sensitivity during and after bleaching with hydrogen peroxide gel following application of GLUMA Desensitizer PowerGel or placebo. Forty-six subjects with sound maxillary incisors and canines were enrolled. Tooth shades were determined by comparison with a Vitapan Classic Shade guide. GLUMA Desensitizer PowerGel and placebo were randomly applied to the labial surfaces of the left or right anterior teeth for 1 min, which were then rinsed and dried. Then, Opalescence Boost PF 40% gel was applied onto labial enamel for 15 min. Sensitivity scores [recorded on a 10-point visual-analog scale (VAS)] were determined before, at 5, 10, and 15 min during, and 1, 24, 48 h and 1 wk after, the bleaching treatment. Shades were determined postbleaching and after 1 wk. Prebleaching application of GLUMA Desensitizer PowerGel significantly reduced tooth sensitivity during and after bleaching when compared with treatment with placebo. The whitening effects immediately and 1 wk after bleaching were significant when compared with the prebleaching shades. In conclusion, tooth pretreatment with GLUMA Desensitizer PowerGel for 1 min prior to 15 min of in-office bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide gel was highly effective in reducing tooth sensitivity during and after bleaching.

The endodontic treatment of teeth with dens invaginatus, characterized by an infolding of enamel and dentin, extending deep into the pulp cavity near the root apex, may be complicated and challenging. The complexity of the internal anatomy may create challenges for the complete removal of diseased pulpal tissue and the subsequent sealing of the canal system. Because of the bizarre root canal anatomy and widely open apex, a combination of nonsurgical and surgical endodontic treatment or extraction is the most common choice of therapy. This article describes case reports of nonsurgical endodontic treatment of Type II dens invaginatus associated with periradicular lesion.

Context:Achieving a high degree of conversion (DC) is one of the major concerns during photopolymerization of bulk-fill composites.Aims:To evaluate the effect of light energy densities (11.2 J/cm2 and 20 J/cm2) on the DC and variation of DC in the 24-h postcuring of four bulk-fill composites: SDR, Venus Bulk Fill, MI FIL, and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill at simulated clinically relevant filling depths.Settings and Design:This was an in vitro comparative study.Subjects and Methods:A total of twenty samples were prepared using a teflon mold. VALO curing light was used with two light intensity modes of 1000 mW/cm2 for curing time of 20 s and 1400 mW/cm2 for curing time of 8 s. The energy density was calculated as follows: energy density (J/cm2) is the light intensity (mW/cm2) applied during a certain time (s) divided by 1000. The DC was measured at two time intervals: immediately postcure and after 24-h storage in artificial saliva using an Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy equipped with attenuated total reflectance accessory.Statistical Analysis Used:ANOVA and Bonferroni test at P < 0.05.Results:High energy density (20 J/cm2) leads to higher DC. Thickness, type of composites, and postcuring phase strongly influence the DC. DC values of the top surface for all the bulk-fill materials investigated were found significantly greater (P < 0.005) than those of their bottom surface. Among composites, SDR showed highest DC. DC strongly increased after 24-h postcure by 32% on top surface and 76% on bottom surface.Conclusions:Energy density more than 20 J/cm2, derived by increasing curing time and low power density, helps obtain a high DC of bulk-fill composites for adequate clinical performance.