Introduction: Periodontitis is the inflammation of the periodontium including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. It is a multifactorial disease which is caused by the activity of microbial invasion followed by destruction of periodontal tissues. The major risk factor involved is smoking which increases the severity of the disease and other conditions like diabetes, immunocompromised state, medication and also genetic factors. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder which is characterized to have altered glucose or impaired lipid and carbohydrate mechanisms. Diabetes has been confirmed as a major risk factor for causing periodontitis. Aim: To assess the correlation of blood sugar levels and chronic periodontitis in out-patients visiting a dental hospital. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among the outpatients of Saveetha dental college. The data was collected and analysed from a total number of 5,35,951 patients between June 2019 - February 2021 and the sample size was 65. The data was collected from DIAS (Dental Information Archiving Software) and statistically analysed using SPSS software. Results: 52.3% of female population has chronic periodontitis where it was 47.7% in male population. From the age group of 21-30 years 20% of the chronic periodontitis individuals were diabetic, which was highest when compared to other age groups. The male population with 30.77% had diabetes and female population with 33.85% had diabetes.   Conclusion: Within the limitation of the study, there exists a positive correlation between increased blood sugar levels and chronic periodontitis. And the presence of increased blood sugar levels were seen in the age groups 61-70 years and more commonly seen in the female population. So people with poorly glycemic controls must be considered as a risk factor for periodontitis and people with diabetes must be informed of the risk factors.

Post-operative infection still remains as a challenging one which occurs during the postoperative course. This can cause mild to severe complications and can even lead to death. Due to which this leads to serious consequences like expanded expenses in hospitals because of increased hospital stay and treatment. The area is marked to have pain, tenderness, edema and even discharges like pus is seen. The commonly involved organisms include the Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas species and E.coli. The risk of acquiring the infection differs from one person to another. The paces of these infections differ from hospital to hospital and the site of contamination might be limited to a stitch line or might extend into the operative sight. The postoperative infections are combated by providing antibiotic prophylaxis before, during and after the surgery. The main challenge associated is the antibiotic resistance by the bacterial species, so it becomes difficult to evaluate the sound techniques for treating these infections. So this can be prevented by following pre-operative, intraoperative, post-operative surgical techniques. Proper strategies must be used to prevent and control these infections. The aim of this review is to analyze the postoperative infections and their management strategies.