One of the main conditions for the birth of a healthy baby is the gynecological health of the mother. For this reason, the purpose of the work was to assess the state of gynecological health of women in the Kyiv region. In this work, we used the data of departmental statistical reporting of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine about the number of cases of gynecological pathology from 2010-2017. The number of women of the corresponding age was determined according to the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The relative risk of pathology (taking into account the 95 % confidence interval) from 2010-2013, 2014-2017 in the Kyiv region was evaluated in comparison with the general indicators in Ukraine as well as from 2014-2017 compared to 2010-2013 in the Kyiv region and general data in Ukraine. Separately for the Kyiv region, the frequency of gynecological pathology was determined among women of reproductive age (707 women), who visited Municipal Institution of Kyiv Regional Council “Kyiv Regional Centre for the Mother and Child Health Defense” from 2014 to 2017. The average age of women was 31.66±0.37. In most cases, the residents of the Kyiv region were diagnosed with chronic inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs (salpingitis, 21.6 ‰). The relative risks of the occurrence of such diseases were determined in the region, compared with Ukraine, and over time. Those, who had menstrual disorders, hyperproliferative processes of the endometrium were more often recorded (10.8% versus 3.1%, p<0.01), and those with inflammatory processes of the pelvic organs more often had cervical dysplasia (19.8 % versus 4.7 %, p<0.001), chronic diseases of the genitourinary system (7.1 % versus 3.2 %, p<0.05) and digestive organs (17.3 % versus 9.6 %, p<0.01), which indicates a possible pathogenetic role of the inflammatory factor in the development of gynecological pathology. The relative risk of gynecological diseases among the women in the Kyiv region showed that the greatest attention is needed to improving the diagnostics of infertility and endometriosis, as well as the prevention and treatment of salpingitis and uterine cancer. Women with menstrual disorder during their visit to a gynecologist should be checked for the presence of hyperproliferative pathology and, in case a woman is diagnosed with other chronic diseases, they should be offered treatment of these areas of inflammation, which can further positively affect their reproductive health.