Some ways of the Black Sea coastal waters phytoplankton community adaptation to changes in water temperature, nutrients concentration and anthropogenic pollution have been identified on the example of the Sevastopol Bay. The increase in water temperature and decrease in nutrient content in the studied waters during 2000 – 2014 caused a gradual decrease in the chlorophyll a concentrations, total phytoplankton biomass and its re-composition, predominantly in the summer and autumn periods. The phytoplankton restructuring was predominantly reflected by a decrease in relative diatoms contribution in the total phytoplankton biomass and an increase in dinoflagellates contribution. Among the dominant diatoms species, the share of resistant species to high temperatures, pollution, low nitrate content in the water and microzooplankton grazing was increasing. An increase in nitrate concentration in the studied waters in 2020 led to increase in total phytoplankton biomass and a predominance of diatoms species, which under the stated conditions did not lead to bloom emergence as were regularly observed earlier in the Sevastopol region.

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Поступила в редакцию 01.02.2017 г. Принята к публикации 23.06.2017 г.Brown algae are recognized as bioindicators of heavy metal contamination in coastal waters. Comparison of morphological and functional characteristics of algae living in different environmental conditions is essential for understanding mechanisms of marine organism adaptation to anthropogenic environmental impact. The aim of this study is to determinate concentration of fucoxanthin and heavy metals in branches of brown seaweeds Cystoseira barbata (Stackhouse) C. Agardh and Cystoseira crinita Duby in water areas with different anthropogenic pressures. The content of fucoxanthin in the samples is determined by means of thin layer chromatography, and heavy metals are quantified using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The maximum concentrations of fucoxanthin (3 mg·g -1 of dry weight), lead (48.5 μg·g -1 ), zinc (62.6 μg·g -1 ), and cadmium (3.2 μg·g -1 ) are found in branches of 2-to 3-month-old seaweeds. The content of fucoxanthin in the branches of C. barbata is 1.5 times higher than that in C. crinita. The Cystoseira seaweeds living in a eutrophic bay have higher concentrations of the pigment and zinc than the macrophytes from open waters. The elevated levels of fucoxanthin in brown algae of this genus found in eutrophic and heavy-metal-polluted water areas demonstrate the important role of this carotenoid in the adaptation of the algal photosynthetic apparatus to anthropogenic environmental changes.

Главный редактор: кандидат географических наук Б. Н. Панов Редакционная коллегия: доктор биологических наук Е. П. Губанов доктор биологических наук А. П. Золотницкий доктор географических наук В. А. Брянцев кандидат биологических наук В. А. Шляхов А. А. Солодовников В. Н. Туркулова Н. А. Лебедева Современные проблемы экологии Азово-Черноморского региона: Ма