Metrological assurance complexes for the development and utilization of the global satellite navigation system (GLONASS) for the period through 2016 are considered. An approach to absolute calibration of query-free measuring instruments used for time-frequency support of the system is proposed and an experiment to confirm that the approach is correct is performed.Stringent requirements on the error in the user's real-time determination of its own location in the state geocentric coordinate system with the use of the GLONASS space complex are set in the Federal Targeted Program [1]. The complex consists of an orbital group of navigation satellites and a ground control complex. The requirements that have been imposed on this error define the potential accuracy with which the user receives the system's signals by means of an ideal receiver in which there is no inherent (instrumental) measurement error nor any errors caused by the medium through which the navigation signals propagate (ionospheric and tropospheric errors as well as errors due to the multipath effect).The target objective of the Federal Targeted Program [1] characterizing the error in the user's determination of its own position will decrease by the end of 2016 more than half by comparison with the analogous indicator for 2011 of the preceding program. The more than two-fold increase in the accuracy of the system will be achieved through balanced development of all the component parts, though particular attention will be focused on assurance of the uniformity of measurements conducted in GLONASS.In the present article, we will consider electronic measurements and measuring instruments incorporated into GLONASS that function in a query-free regime (query-free measuring instruments) or in a query-based regime (query-based measuring instruments), the measuring instruments of navigation satellites such as the onboard source of the navigation signal, the onboard equipment used in inter-satellite measurements, onboard synchronization equipment, and user navigation equipment. The justification for including these instruments in the class of measuring instruments is due to the law [2], the standards [3,4], and other regulatory documents. In particular, a state measurement chain for coordinate-time measuring instruments that utilizes the signals of the global satellite navigation system (GSNS) and their extensions for absolute and (or) relative measurements of the location of objects and of parameters that characterize the movement of objects on the Earth and in near space was approved in [4]. In accordance with [4], query-free measuring instruments belong to the class of second-echelon standards, while user navigation equipment, to the class of working measuring instruments.
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