SUMMARY The muscle of trawl‐caught haddock, lemon sole, and plaice contained little adenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) and much inosine 5′‐monophosphate (IMP) at death. ATP, adenosine 5′‐diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine 5′‐monophosphate (AMP) changed rapidly after the fish died. IMP was lost from the muscle more slowly, with liberation of inosine, which was, in turn, degraded to hypoxanthine. A little adenine was formed by an alternative pathway of ATP degradation in lemon sole. A relatively high initial level of guanine was found in plaice muscle. Traces of xanthine were detectable in spoiling muscle from the three species. Implications of the findings arc discussed in relation to quality testing and flavor changes in iced fish.

Rapid estimates of hypoxanthine concentration in muscle extracts by xanthine oxidase reaction agreed well with those obtained by ion‐exchange chromatography. Assay by precipitation as the silver salt was subject to some inaccuracy. Concentrations of hypoxanthine increased throughout the period of useful storage of a number of species. The increases correlated well with most evaluations of quality by taste panel.

DiscussionThe curve in Fig. I shows an erratic but appreciable rise in insecticide residues from 1939 to 1953. This gave rise to considerable concern and since such residues were present almost solely on American and Canadian leaf, vigorous representations were made to the authorities concerned in an endeavour to reverse the trend. These, coupled with the availability of alternative insecticides, have brought about the pronounced decrease in arsenical residues on tobacco.With the cessation of arsenical spraying there remains the possibility of uptake by roots from soils on which sprayed crops have been grown for a number of years.If the trend of the above curve is maintained it will indicate that the effect is a t most very small, in fact recent determinations show some samples to be free of arsenic. A few samples of unsprayed leaf tobacco have also been examined and although these were grown on tobacco lands which have almost certainly been sprayed with arsenic for many years the element could not be detected. Further support comes from the work of Jones & Hatchg on a number of other crops. Acknowledgment Britain and Ireland)Studies have been made on the extractives and volatile substances (amino-acids, amines and other nitrogenous compounds, sugars, etc.) of freshly caught cod muscle and of some of the changes that occur during autolysis (storage a t o0 under sterile conditions) alone or conibined with bacterial spoilage as in normal trade practice (storage in ice). The merits of some of these changes as objective indices of quality, particularly in relation t o taste panel assessment. are discussed.

IntroductionNorth America is amid an opioid use epidemic. Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) effectively reduces extramedical opioid use and related harms. As with all pharmacological treatments, there are risks associated with OAT, including fatal overdose. There is a need to better understand risk for adverse outcomes during and after OAT, and for innovative approaches to identifying people at greatest risk of adverse outcomes. The Opioid Agonist Treatment and Safety study aims to address these questions so as to inform the expansion of OAT in the USA.Methods and analysisThis is a retrospective cohort study using linked, routinely collected health data for all people seeking OAT in New South Wales, Australia, between 2001 and 2017. Linked data include hospitalisation, emergency department presentation, mental health diagnoses, incarceration and mortality. We will use standard regression techniques to model the magnitude and risk factors for adverse outcomes (eg, mortality, unplanned hospitalisation and emergency department presentation, and unplanned treatment cessation) during and after OAT, and machine learning approaches to develop a risk-prediction model.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Population and Health Services Research Ethics Committee (2018HRE0205). Results will be reported in accordance with the REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected health Data statement.

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