The article deals with the problem of creating a t-protective coating for information-measuring devices and systems for various purposes exposed to external high-temperature exposure in emergency situations related to fire. As a solution to the problem, it is proposed to use thermal-protective materials containing active additives that provide a thermal-protective effect that promotes the refraction of heat flows aimed at heating the protected object. The heat-shielding effect is provided by an endothermic reaction that occurs in the material when the decomposition temperature of the selected component is reached. It should be noted that the temperature at which the reaction with heat absorption should occur should be lower than the temperature of the lesion of the protected object. In this case, the heat flows passing through the layer of heat-shielding material will be refracted, since heat will be spent on the decomposition of the endothermic filler. The heating of the material will be carried out due to the matrix of the material and decomposition products. Based on the tasks that require the use of a heat-protective material, the amount of endothermic filler is determined. Accordingly, with an increase in the time interval during which it is necessary to eliminate the fire, the content of endothermic filler also increases. The use of thermal-protective material is relevant for emergency flight data recorders, since in the event of a plane crash, a fire is likely to occur, which can lead to the loss of information necessary to determine the causes of an emergency.

The work discusses the problem of development of a heat-protective coating for objects of various purposes which are subjected to the external high-temperature impact. As a solution of the problem the application of heat-absorbing components providing the thermal barrier effect conducing to refraction of heat flows directed to heating of the protected object in the recipe of a heat-protective coating is presented. Temperature conditions of the protected object are provided due to the endothermic reaction which passes in the heat-protective layer by reaching the temperature of the selected component decomposition. Besides, the temperature of the heat absorption reaction has to be lower than the lesion temperature of the protected object.

The paper presents a method of identifying the thermophysical properties of heat-protective materials of complex multi-component composition used in structures to meet the specified requirements for their resistance to external temperature influence. The research is dedicated to the study of a thermal barrier coating material containing chemically active components that enter into a chemical decomposition process, accompanied by the heat absorption. The equivalent specific heat capacity of the material reflects its thermophysical properties, taking into account the endothermic reaction. The equivalent specific heat capacity is identified by solving the inverse heat conduction problem using the results of temperature measurement in a multi-layer structure element during the thermophysical experiment. Regularization of this incorrect inverse problem is performed when it is transformed into a mini-max parametric problem of semi-infinite optimization. The results of differential thermal analysis and known qualitative laws of endothermic reactions make it possible to narrow the set of feasible solutions to the level of a compact set of piecewise continuous functions of a special structure, which provides a reduction to the parametric optimization problem. The minimax problem is solved by an alternance optimization method. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method for solving applied problems.

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